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rum afficit. Quo plus tenditur, eo durius, et firmius, et magis resiliens evadit, eoque dissicilius ulteriorem patitur distentionem, donee tandem, amplius distendi impatiens, nova admotu Vi, distrahitur et dirumpitur, superatu nimirum particularum adhaesione, qua haec dobilior fuerit. Hinc ratio,
multum pendet a principio Vitali, primu que corporis fabrica) sed aliquatenuS
saltem, deducenda est multariam rerum quae Summi momenti sunt; corporis in- Crementi, Status, imminutionis, firmitatis indies cres- Centis, et mortis senilis inevitabilis. 91. Varia sortasse solidarum partium densitas ab tas. Quo plus animale solidum tenditur, eo evadit durius, et si inius, et magis resiliens, que eo dis cilius patitur ulteriorem distentionem donec tandem, impatiens distendi amplius, vi nova admota, distrahitur et dirumpitur, nimirum ad resione particularium Superata,
qua haec fuerit debilior. Hinc rutio non plene quia dem nam multum pendet avituli principio, quo fabrica, primu corporis9 seu aliquatenus saltem est deducenda multarum rerum qum Sunt
gummi momenti; scilicet ratio9 incrementi corporis, status, imminutionis, fi mittitis crescentis indies, et ineuitiabilis mortis senilis. 91. Fortasse varia densitas solidarum partium deri- in no stight degree the properties ulready mentioned. The more the animal solid is strotched, the hariter and firmer, and more elastic it be Omes; and with so much more dissicut ty doos it admit os further distension, untii attengili, not bearing increased distension, is a fresti forco beapplied, it is torii and ruptured ; that is to say, the cohesion of the particles is overcome in the part in whicli it was weaher. Hence a reason, not manifest, indeed, for much depentis upon the vitai principio, and the primary fabric os the bodyὶ is to be deducod, of many things of the greatest importanee; namely, the reason of the inurease of the body, of tho stature, and decay, of the datly increasing Strength, and of tho inevitablu doath of old age.
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ipsa Natura dorivatur. Sed magis constat de viribus exercitationis, aut ignaViae,
in statu earundem mutundo. Quarum igitur effectus generales, tam boni quam mali, in partibus solidis, saetiti intelligentur. 92. Porro, diuturna quiete, pars quaelibet natura mobilis, veluti junctura a tUS, Paulatim rigescit, priStinam mobilitatem tardh,
fortasse nunquam penitUS, reeuperatura: et Contra, Valido et crebro usu, modo hic non nimius fuerit, omnes sere corporis partes miram saepe adipiscuntur mobilitatem. Ne JUe Pro fecto melius datur aut Certius remodium ad Superandam illam rigiditatem Br- tuum quae longa quiete induci solet, quam frequens vatur ab natura ipsu. Sed maesis constat de viribus eXercitationis, aut GHαυια, mmutando statu earunde mefectus generales quarum
viriumθ tam boni quam muli, in portibus solidis igitur, facile intelligentur. 92. Porro, quaelibet pars mobilis natura suuo, veluti
junctura artus, paulatim rigescit, diuturna quiete, recuperatura tarde pristinam mobilitatem fortasse
nunquam penitus: et contra, scire omnes partcs csrporis saepe odipiscuntur mirum mobilitotem valido et crebro
fuerit nimius. Neque PVO-fecto melius aut certius remedium datur, ad susecrandum illain rigidit item artuum, quae solet induci longa quiete, quam frequens caeci derived Dom nature itaeis. But there is greater eviden e Osthe influence of exerci se, or indolence, in changing their condition; the generat effecis os these, either good or bad, uponthe solid paris, will be therelare eastly understOOd. 92. Any part naturalty enjoying motion, as the joint of alimb, gradu atly becomes rigid by long continued reSt, and recovers iis former mobility slowly, and perhaps never Completely : on the other haud, nearly ali paris of the bodyOsten acquire a surprising degree of mobility, by active audfrequent use, provided it be not in excess. Nor, indeed, is
there a betier or more Sure remedy, sor recovering srom the
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73 exercitatio, quae primo dii ficillima, et diu exigua, sere indies facilior, liberior, et
persectior evadit. 93. Calor corpora Omnia laxat atque expandit: frigus vero densat et durat. Utrumque effectum homines probe experiri solent. Quamvis corpus Suum sere
fieri nequit quin ejuS SVPerficies saltem ab aere ambiente externo afficiatur. Neque exigua ViS QSt, qua calor hoc modo in uniVerso corpore polleat. Quam longh aliter se habet, qui, servido Austro Spirante, hebes et languidus factuS, membra sua aegre trahit, ac
ille, qui, sub frigido Aquilone, cursu glaciali se exem
et perfectior. 93. Calor larat, atque evandit omnia corpora vero frigus densat, et durat omnia corpora . Homines probe solent eaeperiri utrumque esiectum. Quamvis
Suum cOypus conservet fere Semper suum calorem, nequit
saltem adiciatur ab aere eaeterno ambiente. Neque est vis eae ua, qua calor polleat hoc modo, in universo corpore. Quam longe aliter
ille) habet se, qui factus hebes et languidus csubθ
fervido Austro spirante trahit sua membra segre, iac
sor some time os very limited, but) commonly becomes datly, more practicabie, more Dee, and more perfeci. 93. Heat relaxes and expands ali hodies; but coldthichens and hardens them. Men are accustomed to experien e both effecis. Although the body may commonlypreServe iis temperature, the sursace at least must be affected by the externat ambient air. Nor is that influence Alight, by which heat prevatis in this way, in the whole SyStem. What a disserence belween the individual, who, expoSed totho hol southern blagis, is rendered duli and languid, and scarcely drags his limbs along, and him, who, under thecolit northern winds, exercises himself On the icy tracks, Strong, active, and nimbie in his entire frame.
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Cet, uniVersum corpus fir-mUS, mobili S, expeditUS. 94. Variae CaUSae, quae singulae tot modis dotes solidi animulis assicere Solent, Conjunctae majores adhue effectus praestant: docentisXperimenta a Dryan Rob inson instituta; docent effectus balnei calidi; docet
quotidiana experientia. 95. Ex hac materia Variae Corporis partes, VaritS mUniis aptae, fiunt. Nondum certa fide constat, qUBenam
sit solidi tinimalis ultima et minutissima fabrica: Sive Ox fibris, filis scilicet longis,
Parum latis, varie inter se teXtiS, Constet, ut docet LOerhoavius; sive ex fibris Serpentinis, mirum, in modum convolutis, ut quaedam Observationes nuper factae
ea peditus. 94. Variae causae, quae
cere dotes animalis solidi tot modis ς cumo conjuric-im praestant essectus adhuc majores: erperimenta instia tuta a Dryan Robinsondocent ced9; effectus balnei calidi docent; quotidianaeaeperientia docet. 95. Variae partes corporis, aptae variis muneribus, sunt ei huc materia. Nondum
constat certa fide, quaenum sit ultima et minutissimas rica animalis solidi: Sine
illudo constet eae 3ibris, scilicet longis yilis, purum
latis, tertis varie inter Se, ut Loerhuavius docet; sive
constet eae Jibris serpentinis, convolutis in mirum modum, ut quaedam observa-94. Various causes, which when separate affect the properties of the animal substance in is many WayS, produce Stili greater effecis when combinud : this we are taught by the experiments made by Bryan Robinson, by the enecis of the warm bath, and by datly experienee. 96. Various paris of the body, adapten to the disserent funetioris, are formed by this substanee. There is nothing knownfor certain, what is the ultimate and most minute Structure Ofthe animal solid ; whether it is composed of fibres, or long
is composed of fibres anil lamimo sor plates), and the clites
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suadent; sive ex fibris laminisque tela cellulosa fiat, et ex hac maxima parS Omnium partium corporis, ut celeb. Hallerus ostendere
96. Du fibris earum Uedotibus, alibi locus erit di
cellulosa ubique in Corpore observatur; fibras ipsas, quae in multis partibus satis manifesth apparent, CirCUndat et nectit, et VariaS ParteS, quae motum aliquem in vicinas habere debent, leviter conjungit. Eadem probh densata, firmiSSimuS, et quae videntur tenuiSSimae, membranas facit: Quarum quae simplicissimae apparent, necuratius eXploratae, hane structuram ostendUnt.
97. Crescit saepe mirum in modum tela cellulosa, tiones nuper factae suadent; sive tela cellulosa flut eae ibi is que luminis, et mamima pars omnium partium corporis sat ex hac, ut celeberrimus. Hallerus conatus est ostendere.
Hibi de fbris que dotibus eurum 109, et seq.9 Telu
cellulosa observatur ubique in corpore; circundat et
nectit libras ipsas, quω προ parent satis manifeste in multis partibus, et leviter conjungit varius puries qugdebent habere aliquem motum in vicinus cpartes . Eadem probe densata facit membranas firmissimus, et quae videntur cesseo tenuissi-
opparent simplicissimae, eae- ploratae accuratius Ostendunt hanc structuram. 97. Tela cellulosa saepe crescit in mirum modum, pari os the body is formed by it; as the celebrated Hallerondeavoured to demonstrate. 96. There will be elsewhere a place sor treating of fibres and their properties. Cellular substance is obseruod in aliparis of the bo ; it surrounds and connecis the fibres them Selves, whicli are evident in different paris, and looselyunites Various paris, Whicli ought to exert some motion On those adjacent. The fame substance being condensed fornis the firmest and thinnest membranes; and thOSe membranes whicli appear very Simple, when examined more accurately, show this Structure. 97. The cellular substance and paris composed os it, Such
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parteSque ex ea factae, membranae, Vasa, Sce. imprimis lenta distensione; subita autem distentio eam vel rumpit, vel tenuiorem
facit. Crescit quoqUe nonnunquam inter partes vici-nRS, eaSque jungit quas
Natura liberas secerat. Hujusmodi concretiones praeter naturam saeph ObServantur, post inflammationem pulmonis vel viseerum abdominis : Et novae iStae membranae verh cellulosae sunt.
98. Concrescit etiam sust Sponte, Si secta vel alio modo separata fuerit. Quod si ingente inflammatione, et suppuratione facta, magna pars telae cellulosae destructa
et foeda cicatrix relinquitur. 99. Quin et pars, ut ser-tUr, Vel ejusdem, vel alieni quae partes iactae et ea oscilicet9 memtranae, vaba, si C. imprimis lenta distensione pautem subita distentio vel
tenuiorem. Quoque HOH- nunquam crescit inter partes
vicinas, que jungit eus quas Natura fecerat liberas. Concretiones hujusmodi praeter
post in flammationem pulmonis vel viscerum ab minis : Et istae novae mUmbranae vere sunt cellulosae.
98. Etiam tela cellulosa θ crescit sua Sponte, Si fuerit secta vel separata alio modo. Quod si magna pars telae cellulosae fuerit destructa ingente insummatione, et suppuratione jactu,
tunc non renoυatur, etfoeda cicatriae relinquitur.
99. Quin et pars vel ejusdem vel alieni corporis
RS membranes, veSSelS, &c. frequently become enlarged toa wondersul extent, principalty hom stoW distension ; suddendistension ruptures it, or renders it more thin. It increases somelimes also belween neighbouring paris, and unites thοSewhicli nature had intended to be Dee. Unnatural adhesionsos this description are observed, aster the inflammation os thelungs or abdominat viscera. These neW membranes aretruly cellular. 98. It likowiso increases spontaneously, is cut, or Separated
in any Other manner ; but is a considerable portion os it hasbeen destroyed by slight inflammation or consequent Suppuration, it is not renewed, but an ugly cicatrix is test. 99. Moreover a part of the fame, or another body, as it is
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77 corporis, alii interdum jungi
potest hujusmodi concretione. Hoc, si ullo fund mento, nitebatur ars Tati cotii; et alia nupera multum jactata, dentes tranSPOnendi. 100. Tela cellulosa est aliis partibus reticulata, aliis adipe reserta. Scilicet, ubicunque magna moleS, aut Compressio, periculo aut incommodo suisSent, veluti in capite, pulmone,
oculis, palpebris, Pene, Seroto, ibi nullum adipem colligit, sed laxa et pure
reticulata est. At, inter musculos corporis et a tuum, sub cute et in abdomine, imprimis in omento et circa renes, plurimuS adeps secernitur et colligitur. 101. Adeps purum oleum
cutferturo, interdum potest jungi alii concretione hujusmodi. Ars Ttiliacotii nitebatur hoc, si ullo fundamento: et alia nupera mul
100. Aliis partibus tela cellulosa est reticulata, aliis est referta adipe. Sciliacet, ubicunque, cesto magna
moles aut compressis, suis sent periculo aut incommodo, veluti in capite, pulmone, oculis,palpebris,pene, Scroto,
sed est lara et pure reticulata. At plurimus adeps, secernitur et colligitur inter musculos corporis et artuum, sub cute et in abdomine, imprimis in omento et circa
101. Adeps est purum related, may somelimeS be united to mollier, by a grοWingtogether of this description. The Taliacotian ari rested inthis, is thero be any laundation sor it; likewise the latolyboas ted ari os transplanting teeth. l00. In some paris the cellular substance is reticula ted, in others filled with sal; sor whereuer Z great maSS Or Compression Would cause danger or inconvenience, as in theliead, lungs, eyes, palpebrae, penis, and Scrotum, thereis no fat collected, but the membrane is lo se and purelyreticulated. Mucii sat is secreted and collected belween themuscies of the body and limbs, under the shin, in the abdomen, especialty in the omentum and about the kidneys.
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7Banimale est, ab oleis heri, rum crassis et mitibus p rhin diversus; in vita fluidus : sed variis partibus
Crassior aut tenuior. A Sanguine secernitur, in ipsum facith, et speph Subito, re-SOrbetur, quamvis rarissime Sincerum oleum vel adeps in Sanguine conspiciatur.
102. Verisimile est oleum per digestionem, partim in ventriculo et intestinis, Pa
gelutinum, et albumen converti; et haec iterum per secretionem in oleum revertere. Nulla prosecto adipis organa secernentia Ostenduntur. Oportet tamen istiusmodi sint, et fabrica quoque specialis telae cellulosae earum partium, quae debent habere adipem, oleum animale parum diversus ' ab oleis crassis et mitibus oleis herbarum;
nitur a sanguine, reSOrbetur ,
facile, et saepe subito in ip-Sum, Vtiamvis rarissime oleum sincerum vel adeps conspiciatur in sanguine.
102. Verisimile est oleum converti per digestionem in ybrinum, gelatinam, et aiabumen, partim in ventriculo et intestinis, partim in pul
haec iterum revertere in oleum per secretionem. Profecto nulla organa SecfT-nentia adipis ostenduntur.
Oportet tamen cuto sint organao istiusmodi, et
specialis telae cellulosae cathich and bland olis of planis : it is fiuid during lik; but isthicher and thinner in the disserent paris. It is secreted stomthe blood, and is eastly and of ten suddenly reabsorbed intoit; yet pure Oil or tat can very rarely be seen in the blood. 102. It is probable that oti is converted by means os digestion into fibrine, gelatine, and albumen, partly in the stomach and intestines, partly in the lungs, and that theseare again converted by Secretion into Oil. No organs fortite secretion os sat can be Shown, stili there must be Such, as weli as a particular structure of the cellular substance Ofthose paris whicli ought to contain fat, that they may re talia
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ut oleum jam Secretum Contineant neque ad alias transire sinant. Nam in partes purh reticulatas viam sibi nunquam aperit, quamvis per telam cellulosum facilis via sit aeri aut aquae per totum corpus a capite ad
103. In tenero sce tu nihil adipis, in maturo parum
modo benh aliti sint, ferhSolent pinguescere, donec ambulare et propriis viribus Semei exercere incipiant; tum graciles fiunt, et sic manent ad virilem usque aetatem, qua minus crebruot valida uti solent eXercitatione. Tum quadrati fiunt et speph obesissimi: mRtura senectute, paulatim denuo marcescunt. Puellae rum partium, quae debent habere adipem, ut contineant oleum jam Secretum, nequC
alius partes . Nam nunquam aperit sibi viam in partes pure reticulatas, quamvis sit facilis via per
telam cellulosam aeri a ut aquae per totum corpus a capite sed calcem.
103. Nihil adipis reperiatur in tenero foetu parum odipis reperituro in maturo foetu. Hero infantes modo sint bene aliti, solent pinguescere, donec incipiant
graciles, et manent sic usque ad virilem cietatem, quu
crebra et valida emercitatione. Tum sunt quadroti
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Vero quodammodo pingueS- unt circa aetatem puberem; unde sorma nitida, tereS, amabilis adeo, et apta Pre mi : et sero omni aetate, steminae plus quam viri pingueScunt. Viri quoque habitum corporis laxi et flaccidi firmioribus obeSiores
fiunt.104. Colligitur adeps usu multi cibi, oleosi, nutrientiS, ex carnibus praesertim modo concoctio bona sit et potus validi, cerevisiae imprimis, et animi et corporis quiete et tranquillitate,
castratione, frigore, Sanguinis detractione repetita, multisque aliis exinanitionibus ; quicquid scilicet,
Salva Sanitate, vires vitales et animales, et imprimis solitas excretiones, minuit, Senectute. Vero Puellae pinguescunt quodammodo circa aetatem puberem p unde
est forma nitida teres, adeo amabilis, et apta promi ; et fere omni oetate, foeminae pinguescunt plus quαm viri. Quoque viri lari et
tum corporis, sunt obesiores firmioribus.104. Adeps colligitur disti multi cibi, oleosi, nutrientis,
carnibus cmodo sit bona concoctioo et potus validi, imprimis cerevisiae, et quiete et tranquillitate animi et
corporis, multo somno et torpore, castratisne,frigore, repetita detractione sanguinis, que multis aliis eae inanitionibus; scilicet salva sanitate, quicquid minuit
vires vitales et animales, et imprimis solitas eaecretiones, ovely som, so suiled for embraces; and almost at every age, semales are more corpulent than men . Men also of alax and faccid habit os body, are more corpulent than those of firmer fibre. 104. Fat is accumulated by the use of much oily, nutri-
tration, cold, repeated blood-letling, and most other evaeuations ; for, in a Sound state of health, whatever diminishes the vitai and animal powers, and especialty the usual excretions, is savourable to iis production. A great deal however depentis