뜻

1. 소동, 동요, 혼란
2. 군중, 집단, 대중

1. stir, disturbance, tumult, uproar, trouble
2. mob, crowd, throng
3. multitude

예문

• Heu!, strepitus populorum multorum; strepunt quasi strepitu maris, et tumultus turbarum quasi sonitu aquarum sonabunt. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Isaiae, 17 17:12)

  아아, 수많은 민족들의 고함 소리! 그들은 바다가 노호하듯 고함을 지른다. 겨레들의 함성! 그들은 거대한 물이 포효하듯 함성을 지른다. (불가타 성경, 이사야서, 17장 17:12)

• Nihil morati post haec militares avidi saepe turbarum, adorti sunt Montium primum, qui devertebat in proximo, levi corpore senem atque morbosum, et hirsutis resticulis cruribus eius innexis, divaricatum sine spiramento ullo ad usque praetorium traxere praefecti. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XIV, chapter 7 14:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 7장 14:1)

• Nondum apud Noricum exuto penitus Gallo, Apodemius quoad vixerat igneus turbarum incentor, raptos eius calceos vehens, equorum permutatione veloci, ut nimietate cogendi quosdam exstingueret, praecursorius index Mediolanum advenit ingressusque regiam, ante pedes proiecit Constantii, velut spolia regis occisi Parthorum; (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XV, chapter 1 2:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 1장 2:1)

• Quo viso sublimi, tribuliumque adiumentum nequicquam implorante, vulgus omne paulo ante confertum, per varia urbis membra diffusum, ita evanuit ut turbarum acerrimus concitor, tamquam in iudiciali secreto exaratis lateribus, ad Picenum eiceretur, ubi postea ausus eripere virginis non obscurae pudorem, Patruini consularis sententia supplicio est capitali addictus. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XV, chapter 7 5:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 7장 5:1)

• Et nequi nos turbarum existimet concitores, pro vita loqui sola testamur, non aurum neque argentum petentes, quae olim nec contrectare potuimus nec videre, ita nobis negata, velut contra rem publicam, tot suscepisse labores et pericula confutatis. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XVII, chapter 9 5:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 9장 5:1)

유의어 사전

Caterva, cohors, and agmen, denote an assembled multitude in regular order, and caterva, as a limited whole, according to a sort of military arrangement; cohors, as respecting and observing the leadership of a commanding officer; agmen, as a solemn procession; whereas turba, grex, and globus, denote a multitude assembled in no regular order, grex, without form or order; turba, with positive disorder and confusion; globus, a thronging mass of people, which, from each person pressing towards the centre, assumes a circular form. (v. 361.)

Turbæ and tumultus denote the civil broils of public life; turbæ (τύρβη) interruptions of public order; tumultus (from tumere) of the public peace; whereas seditio and secessio are political commotions, in consequence of decided, evident differences of opinion, and of conflicting principles; seditio (from se and ire) when concord is first disturbed, and the parties as yet contend with words only; secessio, when the prospect of reconciliation is already given up, and the parties either stand opposite each other, ready to come to blows, or, at least, have broken off all connection with each other. 2. The seditiosi and secedentes are citizens and members of a free community, and only suspend public concord; whereas the deficientes and desciscentes break a compact, because, either as subjected states they rebel, or as allies fall off; deficere, as the most general expression, represents the falling off, in a moral point of view, as a treacherous, fickle, cowardly desertion; desciscere (from scindere) in a political point of view, as an alteration in the constitution and political system. (v. 363.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein