뜻

1. 너머, 반대편에, 멀리에
2. (citro와 함께) 왔다갔다, 앞뒤로, 이쪽저쪽으로
3. 저 멀리, 멀리서
4. 게다가, 더욱이
5. 거꾸로, 반대로, 다른 편으로는
6. 불필요하게, 과하게, 마구
7. 자발적으로, 기꺼이

1. to the farther side, beyond, on the other side
2. (with citro) to and fro, back and forth, on this side and on that
3. afar, away, off
4. besides, moreover, too, over and above
5. conversely, on the other hand
6. (figuratively) superfluously, gratuitously, wantonly
7. (figuratively) of one's own accord, without being asked, spontaneously, voluntarily, freely

예문

• Non respuit condicionem Caesar iamque eum ad sanitatem reverti arbitrabatur, cum id quod antea petenti denegasset ultro polliceretur, (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, PRIMVS, XLII 42:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 1권, 42장 42:2)

• Interim saepe cum legati ultro citroque inter eos mitterentur, Ariovistus postulavit ne quem peditem ad conloquium Caesar adduceret: vereri se ne per insidias ab eo circumveniretur; uterque cum equitatu veniret: alia ratione sese non esse venturum. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, PRIMVS, XLII 42:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 1권, 42장 42:5)

• Caesar questus quod, cum ultro in continentem legatis missis pacem ab se petissent, bellum sine causa intulissent, ignoscere se imprudentiae dixit obsidesque imperavit; (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVARTVS, XXVII 27:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 4권, 27장 27:5)

• Ubi intellexit ultro ad se veniri, altera ex parte Senones Carnutesque conscientia facinoris instigari, altera Nervios Aduatucosque bellum Romanis parare, neque sibi voluntariorum copias defore, si ex finibus suis progredi coepisset, armatum concilium indicit. Hoc more Gallorum est initium belli, (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, LVI 56:1)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 56장 56:1)

• uerumgaudent scribentes et se uenerantur et ultro,si taceas, laudant quicquid scripsere beati. (EPISTVLARVM LIBER SECVNDVS, II 2:65)

  (호라티우스의 두번째 편지, 2 2:65)

유의어 사전

Præterea intimates something that completes what is gone before, as πρὸσ τούτοις; insuper, something in addition to what is gone before, like πρόσετι; lastly, ultro, something that exceeds what has gone before, so striking as to cast it into the back-ground. (iii. 108.)

1. Sponte (πόθος) means voluntarily; whereas ultro, in an over-ready manner; so that sponte refers to the mind of the agent, ultro to the thing itself. Liv. x. 19. Orare ne collegæ auxilium, quod acciendum ultro fuerit, sua sponte oblatum sperneretur; and Tac. Hist. iv. 79. Suet. Cæs. 6. Sponte accusare means to accuse of one’s own accord; whereas ultro accusare means to obtrude one’s self into the office of an accuser, when one should be satisfied with not being one’s self accused; according to which, ultro accusavit may be resolved into the complete phrase: Haud contentus non accusari ab altero, ultro etiam progressus est, ut ipse accusaret alterum, or, ultro progressus accusavit alterum. 2. Sponte, from choice, is in opp. to casu, or necessitate, Colum. ii. 1, 13. Plin. Ep. v. 14. Tac. Ann. vi. 23; whereas sua sponte, quite of one’s own accord, like αὐτομάτως, in opp. to rogatus, provocatus, or invitatus. Cæs. B. G. i. 44. Cic. Fam. i. 7. iv. 3. vii. 5. (iii. 103.) 3. Sponte and spontaneus, like ἑκών and ἑκούσιος, paint the voluntary action as an act of the understanding; voluntate and voluntarius, like ἐθελοντής, as an act of the will, in opp. to invite; libenter and libens, like ἄσμενος, as an act of feeling, in opp. to tædio. (iv. 277.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein