뜻

1. 문제, 노력
2. 작업, 일

1. trouble, pains, exertion
2. work, labour

예문

• si surrexerit et ambulaverit foris super baculum suum, impunitus erit, qui percusserit, ita tamen, ut operas eius deperditas et impensas pro medela restituat. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Exodus, 21 21:19)

  그가 나중에 일어나서 지팡이를 짚고 밖을 돌아다니게 되면, 때린 자는 벌을 면한다. 다만 그동안의 손해를 갚고, 나을 때까지 치료해 주어야 한다. (불가타 성경, 탈출기, 21장 21:19)

• Elegitque rex Salomon operas de omni Israel, et erat indictio triginta milia virorum. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber I Regum, 5 5:27)

  솔로몬 임금은 온 이스라엘에 부역 소집령을 내렸다. 부역꾼은 삼만 명이었다. (불가타 성경, 열왕기 상권, 5장 5:27)

• quorum enim artes aevo perpetuo nobilissimas laudes et sempiterno florentes habere iudicantur, ei cogitatis egregias operas praestiterunt. (Vitruvius Pollio, De Architectura, LIBER SEPTIMUS, chapter preface 1:45)

  (비트루비우스 폴리오, 건축술에 관하여, , 머리말 1:45)

• Ego adeo seruosne tu habeas ad agrum colendum an ipse mutuarias operas cum uicinis tuis cambies, neque scio neque laboro. (Apuleius, Apologia 16:1)

  (아풀레이우스, 변명 16:1)

• Sed enim Saturionem et Addictum et tertiam quandam, cuius nunc mihi nomen non subpetit, in pistrino eum scripsisse Varro et plerique alii memoriae tradiderunt, cum, pecunia omni quam in operas artificum scaenicorum , in mercatibus perdita, inops Romam redisset et ob quaerendum victum ad circumagendas molas quae trusatiles appellantur, operam pistori locasset. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Tertius, III 15:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 15:1)

유의어 사전

Mercenarii mean laborers as far as they work, not for their own interest, but for pay, in opp. to the proprietor, who hires their services; whereas operarii and operæ, as far as they undertake to perform for others, a mere mechanical work, in opp. to the principal or director, who gives out the plan. Mercenarii refer to the motive; operarii, to the art employed being of an inferior sort. (vi. 217.)

1. Opera (from περᾶν, πράσσειν,) denotes activity without intense exertion, as merely doing, or turning one’s hand to, something, in opp. to momentary inactivity; and also in opp. to thinking, speaking, advising, like ἐργασία; whereas labor denotes strenuous exertion, which is followed by fatigue, labor, in opp. to pleasure, like πόνος. Plaut. Aul. iii. 3. 7. Opera huc est conducta vestra, non oratio: comp. with Bacch. iii. 6, 11. Cic. Rep. i. 9. Otiosiorem opera quam animo. Liv. xxii. 22. Ut opera quoque impensa consilium adjuvem meum. And Liv. v. 4. Labor voluptasque dissimillima natura, societate quadam naturali inter se sunt conjuncta: comp. with Cic. Mur. 35. Plin. Ep. ix. 10. Senec. Tranq. 2. 2. Industria, gnavitas, and sedulitas, denote activity as an habitual quality, in opp. to the love of idleness; industria, of an elevated sort, the impulse to activity that animates the hero or the statesman, in opp. to ignavia, gnavitas (γενναιότης) of a useful sort, the diligence of ordinary men, and of the industrious citizen; sedulitas (sine dolore) an activity that shows itself in small matters, often even of a comic sort, the indefatigable bustling of the busy housewife, of the good-natured nurse, of any one who pays officious court to another. Colum. xii. præf. 8. Ut cum forensibus negotiis matronalis sedulitas industriæ rationem parem faceret. 3. Assiduitas and diligentia denote industry; assiduitas (from sedere) like συνέχεια, more in an extensive sense with continued and uninterrupted efforts; diligentia, (ἀλέγειν) more in an intensive sense, with careful and close application, in order to attain the end of one’s industry. 4. Studium denotes inclination and love towards the object of one’s industry, and an inward impulse. (i. 111.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein