뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• "Quod quidem si iuris publici rigore metiamur, debet plecti severiore censura;" (Augustine, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., 24. (A. D. 408 Epist. XCI) Domino Eximio Meritoque Honorabili Fratri Nectar Io Augustinus 7:2)

  (아우구스티누스, 편지들, 7:2)

• Hoc omnino servare conamur, ut severiore censura nemo plectatur neque a nobis neque ab alio ullo intercedentibus nobis, et salutem hominibus cupimus impertire, quae posita est in recte vivendi felicitate, non in male faciendi securitate. (Augustine, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., 24. (A. D. 408 Epist. XCI) Domino Eximio Meritoque Honorabili Fratri Nectar Io Augustinus 7:6)

  (아우구스티누스, 편지들, 7:6)

• verum sic quoque iam robustis et severiore genere satis firmatis legendus vel ideo quod exercere potest utrinque iudicium. (Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Liber X 132:1)

  (퀸틸리아누스, 변론 가정 교육, 132:1)

• Itaque debebis eum severiore materia primum exercere, deinde hilariore temperare. (Seneca, De Consolatione ad Polybium, Liber XI, ad Polybium: de consolatione 45:3)

  (세네카, , 45:3)

• itaque principio veris, cum per Phocidem Chaeroneam, quo convenire omnem undique exercitum iusserat, venisset, facile animadvertit nihilo severiore disciplina milites quam ducem hibernasse. (Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, Liber XXXVI 135:1)

  (티투스 리비우스, 로마 건국사, 135:1)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein