뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• et severius acturos si vallum statuatur procul urbis inlecebris. (Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, LIBER IV, chapter 2 2:4)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 연대기, , 2장 2:4)

• de cuius vi dicendi sic accepimus, ut, cum contra voluntatem Atheniensium loqueretur pro salute patriae severius, tamen id ipsum, quod ille contra popularis homines diceret, populare omnibus et iucundum videretur; (M. Tullius Cicero, De Oratore, LIBER TERTIVS 138:2)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 웅변가론, 138:2)

• haec impulsus benevolentia scripsi paulo severius ; (M. Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares, LIBER DECIMVS: AD L. PLANCVM ET CETEROS, letter 6 3:5)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 친구들에게 보낸 편지들, , 3:5)

• nihil constantius, nihil severius, nihil fortius. (M. Tullius Cicero, Letters to Atticus, LIBER PRIMVS AD ATTICVM, letter 14 10:3)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 아티쿠스에게 보낸 편지들, , 10:3)

• hoc tamen agitur severius, itaque iudicia calent. (M. Tullius Cicero, Letters to Atticus, LIBER QVARTVS AD ATTICVM, letter 18 6:8)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 아티쿠스에게 보낸 편지들, , 6:8)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein