뜻

1. 질투, 부러움, 선망

1. envy, jealousy

예문

• Atque etiam, quo sit quorundam male doctorum hominum scaevitas et invidentia irritatior, mutuabor ex Aristophanae choro anapaesta pauca et quam ille homo festivissimus fabulae suae spectandae legem dedit, eandem ego commentariis his legendis dabo, ut ea ne attingat neve adeat profestum et profanum vulgus, a ludo musico diversum. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Praefatio, chapter 1 20:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, 머리말, 1장 20:1)

• quod si ita est, Caeli quoque parentes dii habendi sunt Aether et Dies eorumque fratres et sorores, qui a genealogis antiquis sic nominantur, Amor Dolus modus Labor Invidentia Fatum Senectus Mors Tenebrae Miseria Querella Gratia Fraus Pertinacia Parcae Hesperides Somnia; (M. Tullius Cicero, De Natura Deorum, LIBER TERTIUS 44:8)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 신의 본질에 관하여, 44:8)

• Etenim si sapiens in aegritudinem incidere posset, posset etiam in misericordiam, posset in invidentiam (non dixi invidiam, quae tum est, cum invidetur; (M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, book 3 20:1)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 투스쿨라눔의 대화, 3권 20:1)

• ab invidendo autem invidentia recte dici potest, ut effugiamus ambiguum nomen invidiae. (M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, book 3 20:2)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 투스쿨라눔의 대화, 3권 20:2)

• atqui, quem ad modum misericordia aegritudo est ex alterius rebus adversis, sic invidentia aegritudo est ex alterius rebus secundis. (M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, book 3 21:3)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 투스쿨라눔의 대화, 3권 21:3)

유의어 사전

Invidia denotes looking askance, as a sign that a man grudges something to another, from moral or immoral motives, not necessarily, though especially, from self-love, like ὑποψία; whereas livor (from χλεύη, or χλοιά), denotes the self-tormenting envy, which poisons the whole soul, and deprives the body itself of its fresh healthy color. 2. Invidia is the usual term for envy, whether active, as that which a man harbors, or passive, as a state in which a man stands; whereas invidentia is a new term of Cicero’s for the envy which a man harbors. 3. Invidia and livor denote envy as a temporary state, whereas malignitas as an habitual quality and disposition, in opp. to goodness of heart. The invidus and lividus grudge particular persons particular advantages, in particular cases; but the malignus wishes well to nobody but himself. 4. Invidia, livor, malignitas, denote a feeling and state of mind, whereas obtrectatio denotes an action, or manner of acting, proceeding from this feeling, inasmuch as it seeks to injure the envied person by dishonorable means, namely, detraction. Obtrectatio can scarcely be conceived as existing without invidia, but invidia may without obtrectatio, if the envious person is too cowardly to enter into conflict with the envied. 5. Obtrectatio supposes a rival, and has its origin in jealousy; whereas detrectatio only an enemy in general, and proceeds principally from antipathy. (iii. 65.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein