뜻

1. 상처, 흠
3. 질투, 원한, 부러움

1. A bruise.
2. A bluish color.
3. (figuratively) envy, malice

예문

• adustionem pro adustione, vulnus pro vulnere, livorem pro livore. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Exodus, 21 21:25)

  화상은 화상으로, 상처는 상처로, 멍은 멍으로 갚아야 한다. (불가타 성경, 탈출기, 21장 21:25)

• et da verbum meum et suasionem in vulnus et livorem eorum, qui adversum testamentum tuum et domum tuam sanctam et verticem Sion et domum retentionis filiorum tuorum cogitaverunt dura. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Iudith, 9 9:13)

  당신의 계약과 당신의 거룩한 집, 시온 산, 그리고 당신 자녀들이 소유한 집에 잔혹한 짓을 저지르려는 저들에게, 저의 말과 속임수가 상처와 타격을 입히게 해 주십시오. (불가타 성경, 유딧기, 9장 9:13)

• Iam livorem verbo scapulis istoc concinnas tuis. (T. Maccius Plautus, Truculentus, act 4, scene 3 3:34)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 3:34)

• Invidia praeter haec ante dictus medullitus urebatur, et sciens pleraque vitiorum imitari solere virtutes, memorabat assidue, livorem severitatis rectae potestatis esse individuam sociam. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXX, chapter 8 10:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 8장 10:1)

• Alit enim livorem infelix inertia et omnes destrui cupiunt, quia se non potuere provehere ; (Seneca, De Tranquillitate Animi, Liber IX, ad Serenum: de tranquillitate animi 29:5)

  (세네카, , 29:5)

유의어 사전

Invidia denotes looking askance, as a sign that a man grudges something to another, from moral or immoral motives, not necessarily, though especially, from self-love, like ὑποψία; whereas livor (from χλεύη, or χλοιά), denotes the self-tormenting envy, which poisons the whole soul, and deprives the body itself of its fresh healthy color. 2. Invidia is the usual term for envy, whether active, as that which a man harbors, or passive, as a state in which a man stands; whereas invidentia is a new term of Cicero’s for the envy which a man harbors. 3. Invidia and livor denote envy as a temporary state, whereas malignitas as an habitual quality and disposition, in opp. to goodness of heart. The invidus and lividus grudge particular persons particular advantages, in particular cases; but the malignus wishes well to nobody but himself. 4. Invidia, livor, malignitas, denote a feeling and state of mind, whereas obtrectatio denotes an action, or manner of acting, proceeding from this feeling, inasmuch as it seeks to injure the envied person by dishonorable means, namely, detraction. Obtrectatio can scarcely be conceived as existing without invidia, but invidia may without obtrectatio, if the envious person is too cowardly to enter into conflict with the envied. 5. Obtrectatio supposes a rival, and has its origin in jealousy; whereas detrectatio only an enemy in general, and proceeds principally from antipathy. (iii. 65.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein