뜻

1. 상처, 흠
3. 질투, 원한, 부러움

1. A bruise.
2. A bluish color.
3. (figuratively) envy, malice

예문

• Erat autem in eadem regione quidam regis praescriptinotarius, qui livoris macula tactus puero invidebat et graves inimicitiascontra eum latenter exercebat. (Petrus Alfonsi, DISCIPLINA CLERICALIS 210:12)

  (, 210:12)

• . . quod vulturi iecur praebeat, livoris quasi pingat imaginem. (Petronius, Satyricon, Fragmenta, and Poems, FRAGMENTA, XXV* 26:2)

  (페트로니우스, 사티리콘, , 26:2)

• reges, tyrannos, imperia et gradus pompasque honorum stulta tumentium, argenti et auri vim rabida siti cunctis petitam per varium nefas, splendore multo structa habitacula, inlusa pictae vestis inania, iram, timorem, vota, pericula, nunc triste longum, nunc breve gaudium, livoris atri fumificas faces, nigrescit unde spes hominum et decus, et, quod malorum taetrius omnium est, gentilitatis sordida nubila. (Prudentius, Peristephanon Liber, Passio Agnetis 14:43)

  (프루덴티우스, , 14:43)

• sed plus cavendum est, ne sera propter iam propalati augmenta voluminis in aliquos forsitan incidamus vituperones, quorum fugere linguas cote livoris naturalitus acuminatas ne Demosthenis quidem Ciceronisque sententiae artifices et eloquia fabra potuere, quorum anterior orator Demaden, citerior Antonium toleravere derogatores; (Sidonius Apollinaris, Epistulae, book 8, Sidonius Petronio suo salutem. 2:1)

  (시도니우스 아폴리나리스, 편지들, 8권, 2:1)

• quod superest, deum posco, ut te filii consequantur aut, quod te plus decet velle, transcendant, et quicumque non sustinet diligere provectum, medullitus aestuantes a semet ipso livoris proprii semper exigat poenas, cumque nullas in te habuerit umquam misericordiae causas, habeat invidiae; (Sidonius Apollinaris, Epistulae, book 8, Sidonius Audaci suo salutem. 4:1)

  (시도니우스 아폴리나리스, 편지들, 8권, 4:1)

유의어 사전

Invidia denotes looking askance, as a sign that a man grudges something to another, from moral or immoral motives, not necessarily, though especially, from self-love, like ὑποψία; whereas livor (from χλεύη, or χλοιά), denotes the self-tormenting envy, which poisons the whole soul, and deprives the body itself of its fresh healthy color. 2. Invidia is the usual term for envy, whether active, as that which a man harbors, or passive, as a state in which a man stands; whereas invidentia is a new term of Cicero’s for the envy which a man harbors. 3. Invidia and livor denote envy as a temporary state, whereas malignitas as an habitual quality and disposition, in opp. to goodness of heart. The invidus and lividus grudge particular persons particular advantages, in particular cases; but the malignus wishes well to nobody but himself. 4. Invidia, livor, malignitas, denote a feeling and state of mind, whereas obtrectatio denotes an action, or manner of acting, proceeding from this feeling, inasmuch as it seeks to injure the envied person by dishonorable means, namely, detraction. Obtrectatio can scarcely be conceived as existing without invidia, but invidia may without obtrectatio, if the envious person is too cowardly to enter into conflict with the envied. 5. Obtrectatio supposes a rival, and has its origin in jealousy; whereas detrectatio only an enemy in general, and proceeds principally from antipathy. (iii. 65.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein