뜻

1. 두려워하다, 겁내다, 무서워하다

1. I fear, am afraid

예문

• Et non potuit respondere ei quidquam, quia metuebat illum. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber II Samuelis, 3 3:11)

  이스 보셋은 아브네르를 두려워하여 그에게 다시는 한마디도 대꾸하지 못하였다. (불가타 성경, 사무엘기 하권, 3장 3:11)

• Nicanor tamen audiens quam virtutem haberent, qui cum Iuda erant, et animi magnitudinem pro patriae certaminibus, sanguine iudicium facere metuebat. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber II Maccabaeorum, 14 14:18)

  (불가타 성경, 마카베오기 하권, 14장 14:18)

• Herodes enim metuebat Ioannem, sciens eum virum iustum et sanctum, et custodiebat eum, et, audito eo, multum haesitabat et libenter eum audiebat. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Evangelium secundum Marcum, 6 6:20)

  헤로데가 요한을 의롭고 거룩한 사람으로 알고 그를 두려워하며 보호해 주었을 뿐만 아니라, 그의 말을 들을 때에 몹시 당황해하면서도 기꺼이 듣곤 하였기 때문이다. (불가타 성경, 마르코 복음서, 6장 6:20)

• dives ut metiretur nummos, ita sordidus, ut senon umquam servo melius vestiret, ad usquesupremum tempus, ne se penuria victusopprimeret, metuebat. (SERMONVM Q. HORATI FLACCI, PRIMVS, 01 1:58)

  (호라티우스의 풍자, 1권, 01장 1:58)

• "Tunc magis magisque cupidine flagrans Cupidinis, prona in eum efflictim inhians, patulis ac petulantibus saviis festinanter ingestis, de somni mensura metuebat." (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 5 5:179)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 5권 5:179)

유의어 사전

1. Vereri (ὁρᾶν?) like αἰδεῖσθαι, has its foundation in what is strikingly venerable; metuere and timere, like δεῖσαι; and φοβεῖσθαι, in the threatening danger of an object. The timens and metuens fear the danger; the verens, the disgrace and shame. Cic. Phil. xii. 12. Quid? veteranos non veremur? nam timeri ne ipsi quidem volunt. Sen. 11, 37. Metuebant eum servi, verebantur liberi, carum omnes habebant. Liv. xxxix. 37. Veremur quidem vos Romani et si ita vultis etiam timemus. Afran. ap. Gell. xv. 13. Ubi malunt metui, quam vereri se ab suis. Senec. Ir. iii. 32. Quibusdam timeamus irasci, quibusdam vereamur. 2. Metus (ματᾶν) is fear, only as the anticipation of an impending evil, and reflection upon it, the apprehension that proceeds from foresight and prudence, like δέος, synonymously with cautio; whereas timor (from τρέμω), the fear that proceeds from cowardice and weakness. Or, metus is an intellectual notion; fear, as from reflection, in opp. to spes; for instances, see Cic. Verr. ii. 54. Off. ii. 6. Liv. xxx. 9. Suet. Aug. 25. Tac. H. i. 18. Ann. ii. 12, 38. Sen. Ep. 5. Suet. Aug. 5. Cels. ii. 6. Curt. viii. 6:—whereas timor is a moral notion, fear as a feeling, in opp. to fiducia, animus. Cic. Divin. ii. 31. Att. v. 20. Rull. i. 8. Sallust. Jug. ii. 3. Tac. Hist. ii. 80. Plin. Ep. v. 17. 3. In the like manner are spes, hope, and fiducia, confidence, distinguished. Sen. Ep. 16. Jam de te spem habeo, nondum fiduciam. Tac. Agr. 2. Nec spem modo ac votum securitas publica, sed ipsius voti fiduciam ac robur assumpserit. Suet. Cl. 10. Aliquanto minore spe quam fiducia. Liv. x. 25. Curt. ix. 4, 25. 4. Timor denotes fear, as a temporary state; timiditas, fearfulness, as an habitual quality, which is connected with ignavia, as a more precise expression for the more general feeling. Lactant. iii. 17. Epicurus . . . ignavum prohibet accedere ad rem publicam, pigrum exercere, timidum militare. Ignavia is inaptitude for any noble action, and particularly for deeds of valor; timiditas is, under certain circumstances, excusable; ignavia is absolutely blamable. 5. Metus and timor have their foundation in reflection, whereby a person is made clearly aware of the object and ground of his apprehension; whereas horror and formido is an immediate feeling, which overpowers the understanding by the dreadful image of the nearness of some horrid object, and can give no account of the ground of its fear; formido (fremere) expresses this state immediately as a state of mind, like ὀῤῥωδία; whereas horror (χέρσος) as the bodily expression of this state, by the hair standing on end, the eyes wildly staring, etc., like φρίκη. Tac. H. iv. 45. Metus per omnes ac præcipua Germanici militis formido. (ii. 190.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein