뜻

1. 두려워하다, 겁내다, 무서워하다

1. I fear, am afraid

예문

• plagas maximas, quas viderunt oculi tui, et signa atque portenta manumque robustam et extentum brachium, ut educeret te Dominus Deus tuus; sic faciet cunctis populis, quos metuis. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Deuteronomii, 7 7:19)

  너희가 두 눈으로 본 큰 재앙들, 그리고 주 너희 하느님께서 표징과 기적들을 일으키시며 강한 손과 뻗은 팔로 너희를 이끌어 내신 것을 기억하여라. 주 너희 하느님께서는 너희가 두려워하는 모든 민족들에게도 그렇게 하실 것이다. (불가타 성경, 신명기, 7장 7:19)

• ioculo istaec dicit, neque ille sibi mereat Persarum montis, qui esse aurei perhibentur, ut istuc faciat quod tu metuis. (T. Maccius Plautus, Stichus, act 1, scene 1 1:16)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 1:16)

• Quod profecto vitium, si te bene novi, amas in nobis et, cum omnia bona optes carissimis et familiarissimis tuis, ab hoc eos sanare metuis. (Augustine, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., 1. (A. D. 386 Epist. II) Zenobio Augustinus 1:4)

  (아우구스티누스, 편지들, 1:4)

• Non metuis arma? (Seneca, Medea 4:2)

  (세네카, 메데아 4:2)

• bella si metuis pati, utrumque regno pelle, cur sontes duos distinguis? (Seneca, Medea 5:9)

  (세네카, 메데아 5:9)

유의어 사전

1. Vereri (ὁρᾶν?) like αἰδεῖσθαι, has its foundation in what is strikingly venerable; metuere and timere, like δεῖσαι; and φοβεῖσθαι, in the threatening danger of an object. The timens and metuens fear the danger; the verens, the disgrace and shame. Cic. Phil. xii. 12. Quid? veteranos non veremur? nam timeri ne ipsi quidem volunt. Sen. 11, 37. Metuebant eum servi, verebantur liberi, carum omnes habebant. Liv. xxxix. 37. Veremur quidem vos Romani et si ita vultis etiam timemus. Afran. ap. Gell. xv. 13. Ubi malunt metui, quam vereri se ab suis. Senec. Ir. iii. 32. Quibusdam timeamus irasci, quibusdam vereamur. 2. Metus (ματᾶν) is fear, only as the anticipation of an impending evil, and reflection upon it, the apprehension that proceeds from foresight and prudence, like δέος, synonymously with cautio; whereas timor (from τρέμω), the fear that proceeds from cowardice and weakness. Or, metus is an intellectual notion; fear, as from reflection, in opp. to spes; for instances, see Cic. Verr. ii. 54. Off. ii. 6. Liv. xxx. 9. Suet. Aug. 25. Tac. H. i. 18. Ann. ii. 12, 38. Sen. Ep. 5. Suet. Aug. 5. Cels. ii. 6. Curt. viii. 6:—whereas timor is a moral notion, fear as a feeling, in opp. to fiducia, animus. Cic. Divin. ii. 31. Att. v. 20. Rull. i. 8. Sallust. Jug. ii. 3. Tac. Hist. ii. 80. Plin. Ep. v. 17. 3. In the like manner are spes, hope, and fiducia, confidence, distinguished. Sen. Ep. 16. Jam de te spem habeo, nondum fiduciam. Tac. Agr. 2. Nec spem modo ac votum securitas publica, sed ipsius voti fiduciam ac robur assumpserit. Suet. Cl. 10. Aliquanto minore spe quam fiducia. Liv. x. 25. Curt. ix. 4, 25. 4. Timor denotes fear, as a temporary state; timiditas, fearfulness, as an habitual quality, which is connected with ignavia, as a more precise expression for the more general feeling. Lactant. iii. 17. Epicurus . . . ignavum prohibet accedere ad rem publicam, pigrum exercere, timidum militare. Ignavia is inaptitude for any noble action, and particularly for deeds of valor; timiditas is, under certain circumstances, excusable; ignavia is absolutely blamable. 5. Metus and timor have their foundation in reflection, whereby a person is made clearly aware of the object and ground of his apprehension; whereas horror and formido is an immediate feeling, which overpowers the understanding by the dreadful image of the nearness of some horrid object, and can give no account of the ground of its fear; formido (fremere) expresses this state immediately as a state of mind, like ὀῤῥωδία; whereas horror (χέρσος) as the bodily expression of this state, by the hair standing on end, the eyes wildly staring, etc., like φρίκη. Tac. H. iv. 45. Metus per omnes ac præcipua Germanici militis formido. (ii. 190.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein