뜻

1. 출생, 탄생, 출산
2. 국민
3. 인종, 일족, 혈족, 가계, 민족

1. birth
2. nation, people
3. race, class

예문

• et pro nihilo duxit in unum Mardochaeum mittere manus suas ?audierat enim quod esset gentis Iudaeae ?magisque voluit omnem Iudaeorum, qui erant in regno Asueri, perdere nationem. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Esther, 3 3:6)

  (불가타 성경, 에스테르기, 3장 3:6)

• Deinde cum Dareus posteaque Xerxes, Graeciam elementorum usu mutato aggressi, cunctis paene copiis terra marique consumptis, vix ipsi tutum invenere discessum, ut bella praetereamus Alexandri, ac testamento nationem omnem in successoris unius iura translatam. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIII, chapter 6 8:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 6장 8:1)

• Et primo per artes fallendo diversas, nationem hominum potentem dispendiis levibus afflictabat, sollicitans quosdam optimatum et satrapas, alios excursibus occupans improvisis. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXVII, chapter 12 2:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 12장 2:1)

• Hac clade late diffusa, Armenia omnis perisset inpropugnata, ni Arinthei adventu territi Persae, eam incursare denuo distulissent, hoc solo contenti, quod ad imperatorem misere legatos, petentes nationem eandem, ut sibi et Ioviano placuerat, non defendi. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXVII, chapter 12 15:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 12장 15:1)

• Exindeque pergens interius, nationem Iubalenam spiritu aggressus ingenti, ubi natum Nubelem patrem didicerat Firmi, repulsus altitudine montium et flexuosis angustiis, stetit. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIX, chapter 5 44:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 5장 44:1)

유의어 사전

1. Gens and natio denote a people, in a physical sense, in the description of nations, as a society originating in common descent and relationship, without any apparent reference to civilization; whereas populus and civitas denote a people in a political sense, as a society formed by civilization and compact. Sall. Cat. 10, 1. Nationes feræ et populi ingentes subacti. Cic. Rep. i. 25. 2. Gens (γενετή) includes all people of the same descent, like φῦλον; natio (from γνήσιος) a single colony of the same, like ἔθνος. Vell. P. ii. 98. Omnibus ejus gentis nationibus in arma accensis. Tac. G. 2, 38. But as gens, in this physical sense, as the complex term for several colonies, has a more comprehensive meaning than natio, so has it, at the same time, in its political accessory meaning, as a clan, γένος, or as the complex term for several families, a narrower meaning than populus; hence sometimes populus forms, as a civilized natio, a part of the natural gens. Liv. iv. 49. Bolanis suæ gentis populo, and Virg. A. x. 202; sometimes gens, as a political society, forms a part of populus: Justin. vii. 1. Adunatis gentibus variorum populorum. 3. Civitas (from κείω) denotes the citizens of a town collectively, πόλις, merely with regard to their interior connection, as including the inhabitants who are in the enjoyment of the full rights of citizenship, and the lawful possessors of the land; populus (redupl. of πόλις) means the people, δῆμος, more commonly in reference to their social relations, interior and exterior, and with the included notion of belonging to the state. A people can determine upon war as a civitas; but can carry it on only as a populus. A civitas is necessarily stationary; but a populus may consist of Nomades, or wanderers from one pasture to another.

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein