뜻

1. 로마 씨족
2. 부족
3. 최고 신, 주신(主神)

1. Roman clan, related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name.
2. tribe; people
3. the chief gods

예문

• Laban vero de nocte consur gens osculatus est filios et fi lias suas et benedixit illis reversusque est in locum suum. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 32 32:1)

  이튿날 아침 라반은 일찍 일어나 손자들과 딸들에게 입 맞추고 축복해 주었다. 그런 다음 라반은 길을 떠나 자기 고장으로 돌아갔다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 32장 32:1)

• Dixitque ei: " Ego Deus omnipotens. Cresce et multiplicare; gens et congregatio nationum erunt ex te, reges de lumbis tuis egredientur. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 35 35:11)

  하느님께서 그에게 다시 말씀하셨다. “나는 전능한 하느님이다. 자식을 많이 낳고 번성하여라. 너에게서 한 민족이, 아니 민족들의 무리가 생겨날 것이다. 네 몸에서 임금들이 나올 것이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 35장 35:11)

• Et grando et ignis immixta pariter ferebantur; tantaeque fuit magnitudinis, quanta ante numquam apparuit in universa terra Aegypti, ex quo gens illa condita est. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Exodus, 9 9:24)

  번갯불이 잇달아 번쩍이면서 우박이 내렸다. 이처럼 엄청난 우박은, 이집트에 나라가 선 뒤로 이집트 온 땅에 한 번도 내린 적이 없었다. (불가타 성경, 탈출기, 9장 9:24)

• Et vos eritis mihi regnum sacerdotum et gens sancta. Haec sunt verba, quae loqueris ad filios Israel ". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Exodus, 19 19:6)

  그리고 너희는 나에게 사제들의 나라가 되고 거룩한 민족이 될 것이다.’ 이것이 네가 이스라엘인들에게 알려 줄 말이다.” (불가타 성경, 탈출기, 19장 19:6)

• et observaretis et impleretis opere. Haec est enim vestra sapientia et intellectus coram populis, ut audientes universa praecepta haec dicant: "En populus sapiens et intellegens, gens magna haec!". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Deuteronomii, 4 4:6)

  너희는 그것들을 잘 지키고 실천하여라. 그리하면 민족들이 너희의 지혜와 슬기를 보게 될 것이다. 그들은 이 모든 규정을 듣고, ‘이 위대한 민족은 정말 지혜롭고 슬기로운 백성이구나.’ 하고 말할 것이다. (불가타 성경, 신명기, 4장 4:6)

유의어 사전

1. Gens and natio denote a people, in a physical sense, in the description of nations, as a society originating in common descent and relationship, without any apparent reference to civilization; whereas populus and civitas denote a people in a political sense, as a society formed by civilization and compact. Sall. Cat. 10, 1. Nationes feræ et populi ingentes subacti. Cic. Rep. i. 25. 2. Gens (γενετή) includes all people of the same descent, like φῦλον; natio (from γνήσιος) a single colony of the same, like ἔθνος. Vell. P. ii. 98. Omnibus ejus gentis nationibus in arma accensis. Tac. G. 2, 38. But as gens, in this physical sense, as the complex term for several colonies, has a more comprehensive meaning than natio, so has it, at the same time, in its political accessory meaning, as a clan, γένος, or as the complex term for several families, a narrower meaning than populus; hence sometimes populus forms, as a civilized natio, a part of the natural gens. Liv. iv. 49. Bolanis suæ gentis populo, and Virg. A. x. 202; sometimes gens, as a political society, forms a part of populus: Justin. vii. 1. Adunatis gentibus variorum populorum. 3. Civitas (from κείω) denotes the citizens of a town collectively, πόλις, merely with regard to their interior connection, as including the inhabitants who are in the enjoyment of the full rights of citizenship, and the lawful possessors of the land; populus (redupl. of πόλις) means the people, δῆμος, more commonly in reference to their social relations, interior and exterior, and with the included notion of belonging to the state. A people can determine upon war as a civitas; but can carry it on only as a populus. A civitas is necessarily stationary; but a populus may consist of Nomades, or wanderers from one pasture to another.

1. Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race usually in an ascending line, as abstract and collective terms, for majores; whereas prosapia, progenies, propago, proles, suboles, in a descending line, as abstract and collective terms for posteri. 2. Prosapia is an antiquated solemn expression, and only to be used of ancient noble families, Cic. Univ. 11. Quintil. i. 6, 40; posteritas, the usual prosaic, progenies, a select, elevated expression, Cic. Rep. ii. 22; proles and suboles, poetical expressions, Cic. Or. iii. 38; proles denotes children, as fruits destined, as a younger race, to exist with their parents; suboles, as an after-growth, destined to supply the place of the generation that is dying off. 3. Gens (γενετή) is a political, genus (γένος), a natural race. Gens consists of families, whom the founder of states has united into a community or complex family; genus consists of species and individuals, that by their common properties belong to one and the same class of beings. (v. 307).

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein