뜻

1. 로마 씨족
2. 부족
3. 최고 신, 주신(主神)

1. Roman clan, related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name.
2. tribe; people
3. the chief gods

예문

• Hae familiae filiorum Noe iuxta generationes et nationes suas. Ab his divisae sunt gentes in terra post diluvium. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 10 10:32)

  이것이 민족 계보에 따라 본 노아 자손들의 씨족들이다. 홍수가 있은 뒤에, 이들에게서 민족들이 세상으로 갈라져 나갔다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 10장 10:32)

• Faciamque te crescere vehementissime et ponam te in gentes; regesque ex te egredientur. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 17 17:6)

  나는 네가 매우 많은 자손을 낳아, 여러 민족이 되게 하겠다. 너에게서 임금들도 나올 것이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 17장 17:6)

• et benedicentur in semine tuo omnes gentes terrae, quia oboedisti voci meae". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 22 22:18)

  네가 나에게 순종하였으니, 세상의 모든 민족들이 너의 후손을 통하여 복을 받을 것이다.” (불가타 성경, 창세기, 22장 22:18)

• Qui respondens ait: "Duae gentes sunt in utero tuo, et duo populi ex ventre tuo dividentur; populusque populum superabit, et maior serviet minori". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 25 25:23)

  주님께서 그에게 대답하셨다. “너의 배 속에는 두 민족이 들어 있다. 두 겨레가 네 몸에서 나와 갈라지리라. 한 겨레가 다른 겨레보다 강하고 형이 동생을 섬기리라.” (불가타 성경, 창세기, 25장 25:23)

• et multiplicabo semen tuum sicut stellas caeli daboque posteris tuis universas regiones has; et benedicentur in semine tuo omnes gentes terrae, (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 26 26:4)

  너의 후손을 하늘의 별처럼 불어나게 하고, 네 후손에게 이 모든 땅을 주겠다. 세상의 모든 민족들이 너의 후손을 통하여 복을 받을 것이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 26장 26:4)

유의어 사전

1. Gens and natio denote a people, in a physical sense, in the description of nations, as a society originating in common descent and relationship, without any apparent reference to civilization; whereas populus and civitas denote a people in a political sense, as a society formed by civilization and compact. Sall. Cat. 10, 1. Nationes feræ et populi ingentes subacti. Cic. Rep. i. 25. 2. Gens (γενετή) includes all people of the same descent, like φῦλον; natio (from γνήσιος) a single colony of the same, like ἔθνος. Vell. P. ii. 98. Omnibus ejus gentis nationibus in arma accensis. Tac. G. 2, 38. But as gens, in this physical sense, as the complex term for several colonies, has a more comprehensive meaning than natio, so has it, at the same time, in its political accessory meaning, as a clan, γένος, or as the complex term for several families, a narrower meaning than populus; hence sometimes populus forms, as a civilized natio, a part of the natural gens. Liv. iv. 49. Bolanis suæ gentis populo, and Virg. A. x. 202; sometimes gens, as a political society, forms a part of populus: Justin. vii. 1. Adunatis gentibus variorum populorum. 3. Civitas (from κείω) denotes the citizens of a town collectively, πόλις, merely with regard to their interior connection, as including the inhabitants who are in the enjoyment of the full rights of citizenship, and the lawful possessors of the land; populus (redupl. of πόλις) means the people, δῆμος, more commonly in reference to their social relations, interior and exterior, and with the included notion of belonging to the state. A people can determine upon war as a civitas; but can carry it on only as a populus. A civitas is necessarily stationary; but a populus may consist of Nomades, or wanderers from one pasture to another.

1. Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race usually in an ascending line, as abstract and collective terms, for majores; whereas prosapia, progenies, propago, proles, suboles, in a descending line, as abstract and collective terms for posteri. 2. Prosapia is an antiquated solemn expression, and only to be used of ancient noble families, Cic. Univ. 11. Quintil. i. 6, 40; posteritas, the usual prosaic, progenies, a select, elevated expression, Cic. Rep. ii. 22; proles and suboles, poetical expressions, Cic. Or. iii. 38; proles denotes children, as fruits destined, as a younger race, to exist with their parents; suboles, as an after-growth, destined to supply the place of the generation that is dying off. 3. Gens (γενετή) is a political, genus (γένος), a natural race. Gens consists of families, whom the founder of states has united into a community or complex family; genus consists of species and individuals, that by their common properties belong to one and the same class of beings. (v. 307).

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein