뜻

1. 로마 씨족
2. 부족
3. 최고 신, 주신(主神)

1. Roman clan, related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name.
2. tribe; people
3. the chief gods

예문

• Tantum in hoc valebunt viri acquiescere nobis, ut maneant nobiscum et efficiamur unus populus, si circumcidamus masculos nostros ritum gentis imitantes; (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 34 34:22)

  그러나 이 사람들은 자기들이 할례를 받은 것처럼 우리 가운데에 있는 남자들도 모두 할례를 받는다는 조건이어야, 우리와 어울려 살면서 한 겨레가 되겠다고 합니다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 34장 34:22)

• eum constitues super te regem, quem Dominus Deus tuus elegerit de numero fratrum tuorum. Non poteris alterius gentis hominem regem facere, qui non sit frater tuus. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Deuteronomii, 17 17:15)

  반드시 주 너희 하느님께서 선택하시는 사람을 임금으로 세워야 한다. 너희는 너희 동족 가운데에서 임금을 세워야 하며, 너희 동족이 아닌 외국인을 임금으로 삼아서는 안 된다. (불가타 성경, 신명기, 17장 17:15)

• Cui respondit dominus: " Non ingrediamur oppidum gentis alienae, quae non est de filiis Israel, sed transibimus usque Gabaa ". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Iudicum, 19 19:12)

  그러나 주인이 그에게 대답하였다. “이스라엘 자손들에게 속하지 않은 이 이방인들의 성읍에는 들어갈 수 없다. 기브아까지 가야 한다.” (불가타 성경, 판관기, 19장 19:12)

• Apud omnes populos, urbes atque provincias, quocumque regis iussa veniebant, Iudaeis fuit exsultatio, epulae atque convivia et festus dies, in tantum ut plures alterius gentis et sectae eorum religioni et caeremoniis iungerentur; grandis enim cunctos Iudaici nominis terror invaserat. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Esther, 8 8:17)

  (불가타 성경, 에스테르기, 8장 8:17)

• non misertus est gentis anathematis, qui depulsi sunt in peccatis suis. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Ecclesiasticus, 16 16:10)

  이렇게 그분께서는 완고한 마음으로 뭉친 육십만 장정에게도 자비를 베풀지 않으셨다. 주님께서는 채찍을 드시고 자비를 베푸시고 때리고 치유하시면서 자비심과 규율로 사람들을 지켜 주셨다. (불가타 성경, 집회서, 16장 16:10)

유의어 사전

1. Gens and natio denote a people, in a physical sense, in the description of nations, as a society originating in common descent and relationship, without any apparent reference to civilization; whereas populus and civitas denote a people in a political sense, as a society formed by civilization and compact. Sall. Cat. 10, 1. Nationes feræ et populi ingentes subacti. Cic. Rep. i. 25. 2. Gens (γενετή) includes all people of the same descent, like φῦλον; natio (from γνήσιος) a single colony of the same, like ἔθνος. Vell. P. ii. 98. Omnibus ejus gentis nationibus in arma accensis. Tac. G. 2, 38. But as gens, in this physical sense, as the complex term for several colonies, has a more comprehensive meaning than natio, so has it, at the same time, in its political accessory meaning, as a clan, γένος, or as the complex term for several families, a narrower meaning than populus; hence sometimes populus forms, as a civilized natio, a part of the natural gens. Liv. iv. 49. Bolanis suæ gentis populo, and Virg. A. x. 202; sometimes gens, as a political society, forms a part of populus: Justin. vii. 1. Adunatis gentibus variorum populorum. 3. Civitas (from κείω) denotes the citizens of a town collectively, πόλις, merely with regard to their interior connection, as including the inhabitants who are in the enjoyment of the full rights of citizenship, and the lawful possessors of the land; populus (redupl. of πόλις) means the people, δῆμος, more commonly in reference to their social relations, interior and exterior, and with the included notion of belonging to the state. A people can determine upon war as a civitas; but can carry it on only as a populus. A civitas is necessarily stationary; but a populus may consist of Nomades, or wanderers from one pasture to another.

1. Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race usually in an ascending line, as abstract and collective terms, for majores; whereas prosapia, progenies, propago, proles, suboles, in a descending line, as abstract and collective terms for posteri. 2. Prosapia is an antiquated solemn expression, and only to be used of ancient noble families, Cic. Univ. 11. Quintil. i. 6, 40; posteritas, the usual prosaic, progenies, a select, elevated expression, Cic. Rep. ii. 22; proles and suboles, poetical expressions, Cic. Or. iii. 38; proles denotes children, as fruits destined, as a younger race, to exist with their parents; suboles, as an after-growth, destined to supply the place of the generation that is dying off. 3. Gens (γενετή) is a political, genus (γένος), a natural race. Gens consists of families, whom the founder of states has united into a community or complex family; genus consists of species and individuals, that by their common properties belong to one and the same class of beings. (v. 307).

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein