뜻

1. 로마 씨족
2. 부족
3. 최고 신, 주신(主神)

1. Roman clan, related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name.
2. tribe; people
3. the chief gods

예문

• Ab his divisae sunt insulae gentium in regionibus suis, unusquisque secundum linguam suam et familias suas in nationibus suis. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 10 10:5)

  이들에게서 바닷가 민족들이 퍼져 나갔다. 이들이 지방과 각 언어와 씨족과 민족에 따라 본 야펫의 자손들이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 10장 10:5)

• Factum est autem in illo tempore, ut Amraphel rex Sennaar et Arioch rex Ellasar et Chodorlahomor rex Elam et Thadal rex gentium (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 14 14:1)

  신아르 임금 아므라펠과 엘라사르 임금 아르욕과 엘람 임금 크도를라오메르와 고임 임금 티드알의 시대였다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 14장 14:1)

• Dixitque ei Deus: "Ecce pactum meum tecum. Erisque pater multarum gentium, (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 17 17:4)

  “나를 보아라. 너와 맺는 내 계약은 이것이다. 너는 많은 민족들의 아버지가 될 것이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 17장 17:4)

• nec ultra vocabitur nomen tuum Abram, sed Abraham erit nomen tuum, quia patrem multarum gentium constitui te. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 17 17:5)

  너는 더 이상 아브람이라 불리지 않을 것이다. 이제 너의 이름은 아브라함이다. 내가 너를 많은 민족들의 아버지로 만들었기 때문이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 17장 17:5)

• Qui renuens ait: " Scio, fili mi, scio; et iste quidem erit in populos et multiplicabitur, sed frater eius minor maior erit illo, et semen illius crescet in plenitudinem gentium ". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 48 48:19)

  그러나 그의 아버지는 거절하며 말하였다. “아들아, 나도 안다, 나도 알아. 이 아이도 한 겨레를 이루고 크게 될 것이다. 그러나 그의 아우가 그보다 더 크게 되고, 그의 후손은 많은 민족을 이룰 것이다.” (불가타 성경, 창세기, 48장 48:19)

유의어 사전

1. Gens and natio denote a people, in a physical sense, in the description of nations, as a society originating in common descent and relationship, without any apparent reference to civilization; whereas populus and civitas denote a people in a political sense, as a society formed by civilization and compact. Sall. Cat. 10, 1. Nationes feræ et populi ingentes subacti. Cic. Rep. i. 25. 2. Gens (γενετή) includes all people of the same descent, like φῦλον; natio (from γνήσιος) a single colony of the same, like ἔθνος. Vell. P. ii. 98. Omnibus ejus gentis nationibus in arma accensis. Tac. G. 2, 38. But as gens, in this physical sense, as the complex term for several colonies, has a more comprehensive meaning than natio, so has it, at the same time, in its political accessory meaning, as a clan, γένος, or as the complex term for several families, a narrower meaning than populus; hence sometimes populus forms, as a civilized natio, a part of the natural gens. Liv. iv. 49. Bolanis suæ gentis populo, and Virg. A. x. 202; sometimes gens, as a political society, forms a part of populus: Justin. vii. 1. Adunatis gentibus variorum populorum. 3. Civitas (from κείω) denotes the citizens of a town collectively, πόλις, merely with regard to their interior connection, as including the inhabitants who are in the enjoyment of the full rights of citizenship, and the lawful possessors of the land; populus (redupl. of πόλις) means the people, δῆμος, more commonly in reference to their social relations, interior and exterior, and with the included notion of belonging to the state. A people can determine upon war as a civitas; but can carry it on only as a populus. A civitas is necessarily stationary; but a populus may consist of Nomades, or wanderers from one pasture to another.

1. Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race usually in an ascending line, as abstract and collective terms, for majores; whereas prosapia, progenies, propago, proles, suboles, in a descending line, as abstract and collective terms for posteri. 2. Prosapia is an antiquated solemn expression, and only to be used of ancient noble families, Cic. Univ. 11. Quintil. i. 6, 40; posteritas, the usual prosaic, progenies, a select, elevated expression, Cic. Rep. ii. 22; proles and suboles, poetical expressions, Cic. Or. iii. 38; proles denotes children, as fruits destined, as a younger race, to exist with their parents; suboles, as an after-growth, destined to supply the place of the generation that is dying off. 3. Gens (γενετή) is a political, genus (γένος), a natural race. Gens consists of families, whom the founder of states has united into a community or complex family; genus consists of species and individuals, that by their common properties belong to one and the same class of beings. (v. 307).

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein