뜻

1. 로마 씨족
2. 부족
3. 최고 신, 주신(主神)

1. Roman clan, related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name.
2. tribe; people
3. the chief gods

예문

• Hi sunt filii Cham in cognationibus et linguis terrisque et gentibus suis. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 10 10:20)

  이들이 씨족과 언어와 지방과 민족에 따라 본 함의 자손들이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 10장 10:20)

• Isti filii Sem secundum cognationes et linguas et regiones in gentibus suis. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 10 10:31)

  이들이 씨족과 언어와 지방과 민족에 따라 본 셈의 자손들이다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 10장 10:31)

• Respondit Dominus: " Ego inibo pactum coram universo populo tuo; mirabilia faciam, quae numquam visa sunt super totam terram nec in ullis gentibus, ut cernat cunctus populus, in cuius es medio, opus Domini terribile, quod facturus sum tecum. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Exodus, 34 34:10)

  주님께서 말씀하셨다. “이제 내가 계약을 맺는다. 나는 세상 어느 곳에서도, 어떤 민족에게서도 일어난 적이 없는 기적들을 너의 온 백성 앞에서 일으키겠다. 너를 둘러싼 온 백성이 주님의 일을 보게 될 것이다. 내가 너와 함께 할 이 일은 참으로 놀라운 것이다. (불가타 성경, 탈출기, 34장 34:10)

• et ne forte oculis elevatis ad caelum videas solem et lunam et astra, omnem exercitum caeli, et errore deceptus adores ea et colas, quae attribuit Dominus Deus tuus cunctis gentibus, quae sub caelo sunt. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Deuteronomii, 4 4:19)

  너희는 하늘로 눈을 들어, 해나 달이나 별 같은 어떤 천체를 보고 유혹을 받아, 그것들에게 경배하고 그것들을 섬겨서는 안 된다. 그것들은 주 너희 하느님께서 온 하늘 아래에 있는 다른 모든 민족들에게 주신 몫이다. (불가타 성경, 신명기, 4장 4:19)

• et tamen patribus tuis conglutinatus est Dominus et amavit eos elegitque semen eorum post eos, id est vos, de cunctis gentibus, sicut hodie comprobatur. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Deuteronomii, 10 10:15)

  그런데도 주님께서는 너희 조상들에게만 마음을 주시어 그들을 사랑하셨으며, 오늘 이처럼 모든 백성 가운데에서도 그들의 자손들인 너희만을 선택하셨다. (불가타 성경, 신명기, 10장 10:15)

유의어 사전

1. Gens and natio denote a people, in a physical sense, in the description of nations, as a society originating in common descent and relationship, without any apparent reference to civilization; whereas populus and civitas denote a people in a political sense, as a society formed by civilization and compact. Sall. Cat. 10, 1. Nationes feræ et populi ingentes subacti. Cic. Rep. i. 25. 2. Gens (γενετή) includes all people of the same descent, like φῦλον; natio (from γνήσιος) a single colony of the same, like ἔθνος. Vell. P. ii. 98. Omnibus ejus gentis nationibus in arma accensis. Tac. G. 2, 38. But as gens, in this physical sense, as the complex term for several colonies, has a more comprehensive meaning than natio, so has it, at the same time, in its political accessory meaning, as a clan, γένος, or as the complex term for several families, a narrower meaning than populus; hence sometimes populus forms, as a civilized natio, a part of the natural gens. Liv. iv. 49. Bolanis suæ gentis populo, and Virg. A. x. 202; sometimes gens, as a political society, forms a part of populus: Justin. vii. 1. Adunatis gentibus variorum populorum. 3. Civitas (from κείω) denotes the citizens of a town collectively, πόλις, merely with regard to their interior connection, as including the inhabitants who are in the enjoyment of the full rights of citizenship, and the lawful possessors of the land; populus (redupl. of πόλις) means the people, δῆμος, more commonly in reference to their social relations, interior and exterior, and with the included notion of belonging to the state. A people can determine upon war as a civitas; but can carry it on only as a populus. A civitas is necessarily stationary; but a populus may consist of Nomades, or wanderers from one pasture to another.

1. Stirps, genus, and gens, denote the race usually in an ascending line, as abstract and collective terms, for majores; whereas prosapia, progenies, propago, proles, suboles, in a descending line, as abstract and collective terms for posteri. 2. Prosapia is an antiquated solemn expression, and only to be used of ancient noble families, Cic. Univ. 11. Quintil. i. 6, 40; posteritas, the usual prosaic, progenies, a select, elevated expression, Cic. Rep. ii. 22; proles and suboles, poetical expressions, Cic. Or. iii. 38; proles denotes children, as fruits destined, as a younger race, to exist with their parents; suboles, as an after-growth, destined to supply the place of the generation that is dying off. 3. Gens (γενετή) is a political, genus (γένος), a natural race. Gens consists of families, whom the founder of states has united into a community or complex family; genus consists of species and individuals, that by their common properties belong to one and the same class of beings. (v. 307).

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein