뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• barbam longissimam habēbat vultumque sevērissimum. (Oxford Latin Course II, Acadēmīa 29:13)

  (옥스포드 라틴 코스 2권, 29:13)

• longam barbam habēbat vultumque sevērum; (Oxford Latin Course II, Lūdus Oribiliī 20:10)

  그는 긴 수염과 진지한 얼굴을 가지고 있었다; (옥스포드 라틴 코스 2권, 20:10)

• Severissime enim nos adversum peccantes ingerimus, et ipsi eadem committimus. (Publilius Syrus, Sententiae, 6 6:88)

  (푸블릴리우스 시루스, 격언집, 6:88)

• nam te omnes saevomque severumque atque avidis moribus commemorant, spurcificum, immanem, intolerandum, vesanum: (T. Maccius Plautus, Trinummus, act 4, scene 1 1:3)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 1:3)

• Fratrem Severum et qui cum eo sunt salutamus. (Augustine, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., 13. (A. D. 397 Epist. XXXVIII) Fratri Profuturo Augustinus 3:1)

  (아우구스티누스, 편지들, 3:1)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein