뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• INCESSEBAT quempiam Taurus philosophus severa atque vehementi obiurgatione adulescentem a rhetoribus et a facundiae studio ad disciplinas philosophiae transgressum, quod factum quiddam esse ab eo diceret et improbe. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Decimus, XIX 2:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 2:1)

• Cassius plebeii Romae generis, verum antiqui honoratique, et severa patris disciplina eductus facilitate saepius quam industria commendabatur. (Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, book 6, chapter 15 15:5)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 연대기, 6권, 15장 15:5)

• Quamquam severa illic matrimonia, nec ullam morum partem magis laudaveris. (Cornelius Tacitus, de Origine et Situ Germanorum Liber, chapter 18 1:1)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 게르만 족의 기원과 위치, 18장 1:1)

• Denique cum suavi devinxit membra sopore somnus et in summa corpus iacet omne quiete, tum vigilare tamen nobis et membra movere nostra videmur, et in noctis caligine caeca cernere censemus solem lumenque diurnum, conclusoque loco caelum mare flumina montis mutare et campos pedibus transire videmur, et sonitus audire, severa silentia noctis undique cum constent, et reddere dicta tacentes. (Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, Liber Quartus 16:1)

  (루크레티우스, 사물의 본성에 관하여, 16:1)

• quid denique obesset propter Atlanteum litus pelagique severa, quo neque noster adit quisquam nec barbarus audet? (Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, Liber Quintus 1:14)

  (루크레티우스, 사물의 본성에 관하여, 1:14)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein