뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• Post cuius adventum incitatis viribus omnes venere Mogontiacum, ubi Florentio et Lupicino (Severi successore) destinate certantibus, per pontem illic constitutum transiri debere, renitebatur firmissime Caesar, asserens pacatorum terras non debere calcari, ne (ut saepe contigit) per incivilitatem militis occurrentia vastitantis, abrupte foedera frangerentur. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XVIII, chapter 2 7:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 2장 7:2)

• Strictim itaque, quoniam tempus videtur hoc flagitare, res Aegyptiacae tangantur, quarum notitiam in actibus Hadriani et Severi principum digessimus late, visa pleraque narrantes. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXII: Julianus, chapter 15 1:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 15장 1:1)

• Contra hos nitebantur aliqui studiis altioribus in favorem Severi, magistri peditum, ut apti ad hoc impetrandum, qui licet asper esset et formidatus, tolerabilior tamen fuit, et praeferendus modis omnibus ante dicto. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXVII, chapter 6 3:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 6장 3:1)

• Ita autem pauci sunt inter eos severi vindices delictorum ut, si aquam calidam tardius attulerit servus, trecentis affligi verberibus iubeatur: (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXVIII, chapter 4 16:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 4장 16:1)

• [talis severi mater Hippolyti fuit. (Seneca, Phaedra 5:21)

  (세네카, 파이드라 5:21)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein