뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• Satis est severos esse nec blandos, ut non-nunquam etiam conservos iratius intueantur, semper excandescant in exteros. (Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, Res Rustica, book 7, chapter 12 5:3)

  (콜루멜라, 루키우스 유니우스 모데라투스, 농업론, 7권, 12장 5:3)

• et Vitellius apud severos humilis, ita comitatem bonitatemque faventes vocabant, quod sine modo, sine iudicio donaret sua, largiretur aliena; (Cornelius Tacitus, Historiae, LIBER I, chapter 52 52:5)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 역사, , 52장 52:5)

• at vos quo libet hinc abite, lymphae, vini pernicies, et ad severos migrate: (C. Valerius Catullus, Carmina, Lyrics , Poem 27 25:2)

  (가이우스 발레리우스 카툴루스, 노래, , 25:2)

• Versus scribere me parum severos Nec quos praelegat in schola magister, Corneli, quereris: (Martial, Epigrammata, book 1, XXXV 36:1)

  (마르티알리스, 에피그램집, 1권, 36:1)

• Voltus indue tu magis severos, Quam coniunx Priami nurusque maior. (Martial, Epigrammata, book 2, XLI 42:6)

  (마르티알리스, 에피그램집, 2권, 42:6)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein