뜻

1. 엄격한, 심각한, 진지한, 중대한

1. severe, serious, grave in demeanor

예문

• M. VARRO, in litteris atque vita fide homo multa et gravis, in libro quem inscripsit Pius aut De Pace, C. Sallustium scriptorem seriae illius et severae orationis, in cuius historia notiones censorias fieri atque exerceri videmus, in adulterio deprehensum ab Annio Milone loris bene caesuin dicit et, cum dedisset pecuniam, dimissum. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Septimus Decimus, XVIII 2:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 2:1)

• nam in secundo carminum dicit de histo- riis "periculosae plenum opus aleae tractas et incedis per ignes suppositos cineri doloso", item paulo post "pau- lum severae musa tragoediae desit theatris". quem carmen suum, licet rusticum, tamen amare confirmat. (Maurus Servius Honoratus, In Vergilii Bucolicon Librum, ECLOGA TERTIA., commline 84 63:2)

  (마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스, , , 63:2)

• Quanto molliores sunt et delicatiores in cantu flexiones et falsae voculae quam certae et severae! (M. Tullius Cicero, De Oratore, LIBER TERTIVS 98:5)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 웅변가론, 98:5)

• Artis severae si quis ambit effectus mentemque magnis applicat, prius mores frugalitatis lege poliat exacta. (Petronius, Satyricon, Fragmenta, and Poems, TITI PETRONI ARBITRI SATYRICON 5:1)

  (페트로니우스, 사티리콘, 5:1)

• scilicet eiusdem est, quamvis pugnare videntur, supplicibus facilem, sontibus esse trucem, cum tibi suscepta est legis vindicta severae, verba velut tinctu singula virus habent. (P. Ovidius Naso, Ex Ponto, book 4, poem 6 6:18)

  (푸블리우스 오비디우스 나소, , 4권, 6:18)

유의어 사전

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

Severus (αὐηρός) means, actively, one who cuts no jokes; serius, in a neutral sense, what is no subject for joking; and severe means earnestly; serio, in earnest; whence severus is an epithet for persons, serius for things; Hor. A. P. 105. Decent vultum severum seria dictu. Senec. Tranq. 15. Nihil magnum, nihil severum nec serium quidem ex tanto apparatu putat. Severus is in opp. to hilaris, Cic. Brut. 93, remissus, Orat. ii. 17, luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74; whereas serius is in opp. to jucundus, jocosus; and serio to joco, per jocum. Yet severus also supplies the place of serius; particularly in severior, severissimus, and severitas, because serius does not possess these forms. (i. 75.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein