뜻

1. 범죄자, 범인

1. criminal

예문

• Cui occurrit venienti Odoacar ad fluvium Sontium, et ibi pugnans cum eodem, victus fugit et abiit in Veronam et fixit fossatum in campo minore Veronense V kalendas Octobres. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Anonymi Valesiani pars posterior: Chronica Theodericiana, chapter 11 2:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 11장 2:1)

• Qui nullo perspicaciter inquisito, sine innocentium sontiumque differentia, alios verberibus vel tormentis afflictos exsulari poena damnarunt, quosdam ad infimam trusere militiam, residuos capitalibus addixere suppliciis. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XV, chapter 3 2:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 3장 2:2)

• et nonam quidem legionem apud Placentiam, quanquam in armis adhuc Pompeius esset, totam cum ignominia missam fecit aegreque post multas et supplicis preces, nec nisi exacta de sontibus poena, restituit; (C. Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum, Divus Iulius, chapter 69 1:3)

  (가이우스 수에토니우스 트란퀼루스, 황제전, , 69장 1:3)

• et M. Claudius, adsertor Verginiae, die dicta damnatus, ipso remittente Verginio ultimam poenam dimissus Tibur exsulatum abiit, manesque Verginiae, mortuae quam vivae felicioris, per tot domos ad petendas poenas vagati nullo relicto sonte tandem quieverunt. (Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, Liber III 650:1)

  (티투스 리비우스, 로마 건국사, 650:1)

• Idque est magni viri, rebus agitatis punire sontes, multitudinem conservare, in omni fortuna recta atque honesta retinere. (M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis, LIBER PRIMUS 107:2)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 의무론, 107:2)

유의어 사전

1. Culpa (κολάψαι) denotes guilt as the state of one who has to answer for an injury, peccatum, delictum, maleficium, scelus, flagitium, or nefas; hence a responsibility, and, consequently, a rational being is supposed, in opp. to casus, Cic. Att. xi. 9. Vell. P. ii. 118, or to necessitas, Suet. Cl. 15; whereas noxia, as the state of one who has caused an injury, and can therefore be applied to any that is capable of producing an effect, in opp. to innocentia. Liv. iii. 42, 2. Illa modo in ducibus culpa, quod ut odio essent civibus fecerant; alia omnis penes milites noxia erat. Cic. Marc. 13. Etsi aliqua culpa tenemur erroris humani, a scelere certe liberati sumus; and Ovid, Trist. iv. 1, 23. Et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, coll. 4, 37; hence culpa is used as a general expression for every kind of fault, and especially for a fault of the lighter sort, as delictum. 2. Culpa and noxia suppose an injurious action; but vitium (from αὐάτη, ἄτη) merely an action or quality deserving censure, and also an undeserved natural defect. 3. Nocens, innocens, denote guilt, or absence of guilt, in a specified case, with regard to a single action; but noxius, innoxius, together with the poetical words nocuus, innocuus, relate to the nature and character in general. Plaut. Capt. iii. 5, 7. Decet innocentem servum atque innoxium confidentem esse; that is, a servant who knows himself guiltless of some particular action, and who, in general, does nothing wrong. 4. Noxius denotes a guilty person only physically, as the author and cause of an injury, like βλαβερός; but sons (ὀνοτός) morally and juridically, as one condemned, or worthy of condemnation, like θῶος. (ii. 152.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein