뜻

1. 어려운, 곤란한, 말썽부리는
2. 완고한, 고집센

1. difficult, troublesome
2. (of character) obstinate, intractable, hard to please or manage

예문

• Erat vallis inter duas acies, ut supra demonstratum est, non ita magna, at difficili et arduo ascensu. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO CIVILI, SECVNDVS 34:1)

  (카이사르, 내란기, 2권 34:1)

• Gabinius ut in Illyricum venit hiberno tempore anni ac difficili sive copiosiorem provinciam existimans sive multum fortunae victoris Caesaris tribuens sive virtute et scientia sua confisus, qua saepe in bellis periclitatus magnas res et secundas ductu ausuque suo gesserat, neque provinciae facultatibus sublevabatur, quae partim erat exinanita partim infidelis, neque navibus intercluso mari tempestatibus commeatus supportari poterat; (CAESAR, INCERTI AVCTORIS DE BELLO ALEXANDRINO 43:1)

  (카이사르, 알렉산드리아 전기 43:1)

• Voluptas e difficili data dulcissima est. (Publilius Syrus, Sententiae, 7 7:75)

  (푸블릴리우스 시루스, 격언집, 7:75)

• Confecta campestri nec adeo difficili via ad quandam civitatulam pervenimus, nec in stabulo sed in domo cuiusdam decurionis devertimus, statimque me commendato cuidam servulo ipse ad praepositum suum, qui mille armatorum ducatum sustinebat, sollicite proficiscitur. (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 10 1:3)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 10권 1:3)

• deinde ubi gravis metus sine certa tamen desperatione est, indicare necessariis periclitantis in difficili spem esse, ne, si victa ars malo fuerit, vel ignorasse vel fefellisse videatur. (Aulus Cornelius Celsus, De Medicina, Liber V, chapter 26 27:20)

  (켈수스, 의학에 관하여, , 26장 27:20)

유의어 사전

Arduus (from ὀρθός) means difficult to ascend, in opp. to pronus; on the other hand, difficilis means difficult to execute, in opp. to facilis. Arduus involves a stronger notion of difficulty, and denotes the difficult when it borders on the impossible. Plin. Ep. iv. 17. Est enim res difficilis ardua. Tac. Hist. ii. 76. Æstimare debent, an quod inchoatur, reipublicæ utile, ipsis gloriosum, aut promptum effectu, aut certe non arduum sit. Cic. Verr. i. 51. Cum sibi omnes ad illum allegationes difficiles, omnes aditos arduos, ac pæne interclusos, viderent. (ii. 105.)

1. Austerus (αὐστηρός, from αὔω) denotes gravity as an intellectual, severus (αὐηρός) as a moral quality. The austerus in opp. to jucundus, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. xxxv. 11, is an enemy to jocularity and frivolity, and seeks in science, learning, and social intercourse, always that which is serious and real, at the risk of passing for dull; the severus, in opp. to luxuriosus, Quintil. xi. 3, 74, is rigid, hates all dissoluteness and laxity of principle, and exacts from himself and others self-control and energy of character, at the risk of passing for harsh. The stoic, as a philosopher, is austerus, as a man, severus. 2. Austerus and severus involve no blame; whereas difficilis, morosus, and tetricus, denote an excess or degeneracy of rigor. The difficilis understands not the art of easy and agreeable converse, from hypochondria and temperament; the morosus (from mos) is scrupulous, and wishes everything to be done according to rule, from scrupulosity and want of tolerance; the tetricus (redupl. of trux, τραχύς) is stiff and constrained, from pedantry and want of temper. (iii. 232.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein