뜻

1. 시작, 기원
2. 기초, 토대
3. 원소, 요소
4. (군사) 일류, 본부, 사령부

1. a beginning, an origin
2. a groundwork, a foundation
3. (in the plural) the elements, the first principles
4. (military, in the plural) the front ranks, camp headquarters

예문

• namque principiis, quae Graeci στοιχεῖα appellant, ut omnia, corpora sunt composita, id est e calore et umore, terreno et aere, et ita mixtionibus naturali temperatura figurantur omnium animalium in mundo generatim qualitates. (Vitruvius Pollio, De Architectura, LIBER PRIMUS, chapter 4 5:18)

  (비트루비우스 폴리오, 건축술에 관하여, , 4장 5:18)

• Ergo in quibus corporibus cum exsuperat e principiis calor, tunc interficit dissolvitque cetera fervore. (Vitruvius Pollio, De Architectura, LIBER PRIMUS, chapter 4 5:19)

  (비트루비우스 폴리오, 건축술에 관하여, , 4장 5:19)

• igitur levioribus principiis compositae facilius in aeris impetum nituntur. (Vitruvius Pollio, De Architectura, LIBER PRIMUS, chapter 4 5:27)

  (비트루비우스 폴리오, 건축술에 관하여, , 4장 5:27)

• aquatiles autem piscium naturae, quod temperatae sunt a calido plurimumque ex aeris et terreni <principiis> sunt compositae, sed umoris habent oppido quam paulum, quo minus habent e principiis umoris in corpore, facilius in umore perdurant; (Vitruvius Pollio, De Architectura, LIBER PRIMUS, chapter 4 5:28)

  (비트루비우스 폴리오, 건축술에 관하여, , 4장 5:28)

• In principio creavit Deus caelum et terram. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 1 1:1)

  한처음에 하느님께서 하늘과 땅을 창조하셨다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 1장 1:1)

유의어 사전

1. Initium denotes the beginning in an abstract sense, as the mere point from which a thing begins, in opp. to exitus. Cic. Rosc. Com. 13, 39. Tusc. i. 38. Brut. 34. Sen. Ep. 9. N. Q. iii. 29; whereas principium denotes the beginning as a concrete notion, as that part of the whole which stands before the other parts in things, and goes before them in actions, in opp. to extremum. Cic. Cleunt. 4. Orat. 61, 204. Cæc. 15, 44. In initium the beginning is made only with reference to time; in principium the foundation also is laid with reference to space. The initium is pushed out of the way by that which follows; the principium serves as a basis for that which follows. The initia philosophiæ are the rudiments over which the scholar goes, and which are superseded by further studies; the principia are the fundamental principles, to which he must always recur. Initio usually means “at the beginning, but differently (or, not at all) afterwards;” whereas principio means from the very beginning, and so onwards. 2. Primordium is a more solemn and comprehensive term than principium, and supposes a whole of great extent, the beginning of which is so far removed that one can distinguish a merely apparent beginning from the actual and primeval source and origin. (iii. 163.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein