뜻

1. 상처, 손해, 피해
2. 범죄

1. Hurt, harm, damage, injury.
2. An injurious act, fault, offence, trespass, wrongdoing.

예문

• Supplicia eorum qui in furto aut in latrocinio aut aliqua noxia sint comprehensi gratiora dis immortalibus esse arbitrantur; sed, cum eius generis copia defecit, etiam ad innocentium supplicia descendunt. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEXTVS, XVI 16:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 6권, 16장 16:5)

• nam ego amicum hodie meum concastigabo pro commerita noxia, invitus, ni id me invitet ut faciam fides. (T. Maccius Plautus, Trinummus, act 1, scene 1 1:2)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 1:2)

• Ea res ab noxia curculionum et similium animalium commodissime videtur conditas fruges defendere, quae nisi diligenter repositae sint, celeriter ab iis consumuntur. (Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, Res Rustica, book 1, chapter 6 15:1)

  (콜루멜라, 루키우스 유니우스 모데라투스, 농업론, 1권, 6장 15:1)

• Noxia civili tellus Aegyptia fato, Haud equidem immerito Cumanae carmine vatis Cautum, ne Nili Pelusia tangeret ora Hesperius miles, ripasque aestate tumentes. (M. Annaeus Lucanus, Pharsalia, book 8 9:1)

  (마르쿠스 안나이우스 루카누스, 파르살리아, 8권 9:1)

• noxia Alexandria, dolis aptissima tellus, et totiens nostro Memphi cruenta malo, tris ubi Pompeio detraxit harena triumphos-- tollet nulla dies hanc tibi, Roma, notam. (Sextus Propertius, Elegies, book 3, poem 11 11:14)

  (섹스투스 프로페르티우스, 비가, 3권, 11:14)

유의어 사전

1. Culpa (κολάψαι) denotes guilt as the state of one who has to answer for an injury, peccatum, delictum, maleficium, scelus, flagitium, or nefas; hence a responsibility, and, consequently, a rational being is supposed, in opp. to casus, Cic. Att. xi. 9. Vell. P. ii. 118, or to necessitas, Suet. Cl. 15; whereas noxia, as the state of one who has caused an injury, and can therefore be applied to any that is capable of producing an effect, in opp. to innocentia. Liv. iii. 42, 2. Illa modo in ducibus culpa, quod ut odio essent civibus fecerant; alia omnis penes milites noxia erat. Cic. Marc. 13. Etsi aliqua culpa tenemur erroris humani, a scelere certe liberati sumus; and Ovid, Trist. iv. 1, 23. Et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, coll. 4, 37; hence culpa is used as a general expression for every kind of fault, and especially for a fault of the lighter sort, as delictum. 2. Culpa and noxia suppose an injurious action; but vitium (from αὐάτη, ἄτη) merely an action or quality deserving censure, and also an undeserved natural defect. 3. Nocens, innocens, denote guilt, or absence of guilt, in a specified case, with regard to a single action; but noxius, innoxius, together with the poetical words nocuus, innocuus, relate to the nature and character in general. Plaut. Capt. iii. 5, 7. Decet innocentem servum atque innoxium confidentem esse; that is, a servant who knows himself guiltless of some particular action, and who, in general, does nothing wrong. 4. Noxius denotes a guilty person only physically, as the author and cause of an injury, like βλαβερός; but sons (ὀνοτός) morally and juridically, as one condemned, or worthy of condemnation, like θῶος. (ii. 152.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein