뜻

1. 상처, 손해, 피해
2. 범죄

1. Hurt, harm, damage, injury.
2. An injurious act, fault, offence, trespass, wrongdoing.

예문

• nam quod ad Euboeam Boeotosque et Thessalos attinet, cui dubium est quin, ut quibus nullae suae vires sint, praesentibus adulando semper, quem metum in consilio habeant, eodem ad impetrandam veniam utantur, simul ac Romanum exercitum in Graecia viderint, ad consuetum imperium se avertant, nec iis noxiae futurum sit, quod, cum Romani procul abessent, vim tuam praesentis exercitusque tui experiri noluerint ? (Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, Liber XXXVI 74:1)

  (티투스 리비우스, 로마 건국사, 74:1)

• Supplicia eorum qui in furto aut in latrocinio aut aliqua noxia sint comprehensi gratiora dis immortalibus esse arbitrantur; sed, cum eius generis copia defecit, etiam ad innocentium supplicia descendunt. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEXTVS, XVI 16:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 6권, 16장 16:5)

• Megaronides Amicum castigare ob meritam noxiam immoene est facinus, verum in aetate utile et conducibile. (T. Maccius Plautus, Trinummus, act 1, scene 1 1:1)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 1:1)

• nam ego amicum hodie meum concastigabo pro commerita noxia, invitus, ni id me invitet ut faciam fides. (T. Maccius Plautus, Trinummus, act 1, scene 1 1:2)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 1:2)

• servos item furti manifesti prensos verberibus adfici et e saxo praecipitari, sed pueros inpuberes praetoris arbitratu verberari voluerunt noxiamque ab his factam sarciri. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Undecimus, XVIII 9:2)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 9:2)

유의어 사전

1. Culpa (κολάψαι) denotes guilt as the state of one who has to answer for an injury, peccatum, delictum, maleficium, scelus, flagitium, or nefas; hence a responsibility, and, consequently, a rational being is supposed, in opp. to casus, Cic. Att. xi. 9. Vell. P. ii. 118, or to necessitas, Suet. Cl. 15; whereas noxia, as the state of one who has caused an injury, and can therefore be applied to any that is capable of producing an effect, in opp. to innocentia. Liv. iii. 42, 2. Illa modo in ducibus culpa, quod ut odio essent civibus fecerant; alia omnis penes milites noxia erat. Cic. Marc. 13. Etsi aliqua culpa tenemur erroris humani, a scelere certe liberati sumus; and Ovid, Trist. iv. 1, 23. Et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, coll. 4, 37; hence culpa is used as a general expression for every kind of fault, and especially for a fault of the lighter sort, as delictum. 2. Culpa and noxia suppose an injurious action; but vitium (from αὐάτη, ἄτη) merely an action or quality deserving censure, and also an undeserved natural defect. 3. Nocens, innocens, denote guilt, or absence of guilt, in a specified case, with regard to a single action; but noxius, innoxius, together with the poetical words nocuus, innocuus, relate to the nature and character in general. Plaut. Capt. iii. 5, 7. Decet innocentem servum atque innoxium confidentem esse; that is, a servant who knows himself guiltless of some particular action, and who, in general, does nothing wrong. 4. Noxius denotes a guilty person only physically, as the author and cause of an injury, like βλαβερός; but sons (ὀνοτός) morally and juridically, as one condemned, or worthy of condemnation, like θῶος. (ii. 152.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein