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기본형: scopulus, scopulī
"Montis in excelsi scopulo, rex, siste puellam Ornatam mundo funerei thalami:" (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 4 16:36)
(아풀레이우스, 변신, 4권 16:36)
"Ducite me, et cui sors addixit scopulo sistite:" (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 4 16:56)
(아풀레이우스, 변신, 4권 16:56)
"Tui nostrique miserere, religiosaque continentia domum, maritum, teque et istum parvulum nostrum imi minentis ruinae infortunio libera, nec illas scelestas feminas, quas tibi post internecivum odium et calcata sanguinis foedera sorores appellare non licet, vel videas vel audias, cum in morem Sirenum scopulo prominentes funestis vocibus saxa personabunt." (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 5 5:103)
(아풀레이우스, 변신, 5권 5:103)
) ipso quoque praefecturam, ut e celsiore scopulo caderet, affectante: (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXX, chapter 5 10:3)
(암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 5장 10:3)
has inopis undae brevia comminuunt vada, pars vehitur huius prima, pars scopulo sedet; (Seneca, Agamemnon 10:68)
(세네카, 아가멤논 10:68)
1. Saxum, rupes, and cautes, are greater; lapis, calx, and scrupus, smaller masses of stone. Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 22. Silex viridis ubi invenitur, lapis, non saxum est. 2. Saxa (from ψεκάσ, ψήχω) are greater masses of stone, in whatever form, like πέτραι; rupes and petræ (πέτραι, from πεσεῖν) are steep and high, like rocks, and therefore difficult to climb; cautes and scopuli are rough and pointed, like crags, and therefore threaten danger; the cautes are smaller, and also not visible in the water, and therefore deceitful; the scopuli (from κόψαι) jutting upwards, threaten and announce danger, like σκόπελοι. 3. Lapis (ἄλιψ) is the most general expression, and denotes the stone only as a material substance, without regard to its form, like λίθος; calculus, is a smooth, generally round pebble; scrupulus, a rough, generally angular pebble; but for this meaning of scrupulus, the dimin. of scrupus, we have only the authority of grammarians; in authors it has only the figurative meaning of scruple. (v. 191.)
출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein
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