뜻

1. 가식, 변장, 가장, 겉보기, 외관
2. 위선, 간사, 사기, 기만

1. feigning, shamming, pretence, feint
2. insincerity, deceit, hypocrisy
3. simulation

예문

• Quoniam in simulatione ambulat cum eo et in primis explorat eum, (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Ecclesiasticus, 4 4:18)

  그러고 나서 지혜는 곧 돌아와 그를 즐겁게 하고 자신의 비밀을 보여 주리라. (불가타 성경, 집회서, 4장 4:18)

• His constitutis rebus et consilio cum legatis et quaestore communicato, ne quem diem pugnae praetermitteret, oportunissima res accidit, quod postridie eius diei mane eadem et perfidia et simulatione usi Germani frequentes, omnibus principibus maioribusque natu adhibitis, ad eum in castra venerunt, (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVARTVS, XIII 13:4)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 4권, 13장 13:4)

• quae nondum convenerant, exspectabant; Caesar, si forte timoris simulatione hostes in suum locum elicere posset, (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, L 50:3)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 50장 50:3)

• Caesar consulto equites cedere seque in castra recipere iubet, simul ex omnibus partibus castra altiore vallo muniri portasque obstrui atque in his administrandis rebus quam maxime concursari et cum simulatione agi timoris iubet. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, L 50:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 50장 50:5)

• Quae fore suspicatus Labienus, ut omnes citra flumen eliceret, eadem usus simulatione itineris placide progrediebatur. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEXTVS, VIII 8:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 6권, 8장 8:2)

유의어 사전

1. Imitari means merely the effort to produce something like some other thing, without any accessory moral notion; æmulari (from αἴσιμος) means, at the same time, to do something which shall gain equal or superior consideration, honor, and approbation, when compared with the thing imitated. Imitatio has in view only the thing itself, and is generally moderate and laudable; æmulatio has in view chiefly the person, who is already in possession of the quality worthy of imitation, and always seems more or less a passion, which deserves praise or blame, according as it has its foundation in the lover of honor, or in immoderate ambition. Plin. Ep. vii. 30. Demosthenis orationem habui in manibus, non ut æmularer (improbum enim ac pæne furiosum) at tamen imitarer ac sequerer tantum. Comp. i. 2, 2. viii. 5, 13. Quintil. i. 2, 26. Cic. Tusc. iv. 8, 17. 2. The æmulus is at first behind his opponent, and strives for a time only to come up to him, and be like him; whereas the certator and concertator are already on a par with their opponent, and strive to outdo him, and conquer him. 3. Æmulatio contends for superiority in any art; rivalitas, only for preference in estimation. Cic. Tusc. iv. 26, 56. Illa vitiosa æmulatione, quæ rivalitati similis est, quid habet utilitatis? 4. Imitatio is an effort to become something which a man at present is not, but fain would be, and really can become; whereas simulatio, an effort to pass for something which a man properly and naturally is not, nor ever can be. Imitatio is the means of attaining to an actual or presumptive ideal; whereas simulatio remains for ever a mere counterfeit. (iii. 64.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein