뜻

1. 가식, 변장, 가장, 겉보기, 외관
2. 위선, 간사, 사기, 기만

1. feigning, shamming, pretence, feint
2. insincerity, deceit, hypocrisy
3. simulation

예문

• et ipsi propter meam simulationem et propter modicum et pusillum vitae tempus decipiantur propter me, et exsecrationem atque maculam meae senectuti conquiram. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber II Maccabaeorum, 6 6:25)

  (불가타 성경, 마카베오기 하권, 6장 6:25)

• Qui suum timorem in rei frumentariae simulationem angustiasque itineris conferrent, facere arroganter, cum aut de officio imperatoris desperare aut praescribere viderentur. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, PRIMVS, XL 40:10)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 1권, 40장 40:10)

• Quem quia non arbitrabatur vocatum in castra venturum, ne temptando cautiorem faceret, Gaium Volusenum Quadratum misit, qui eum per simulationem colloqui curaret interficiendum. Ad eam rem delectos idoneos ei tradit centuriones. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, OCTAVVS, XXIV 24:4)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 8권, 24장 24:4)

• qui omnes discessu Curionis multique praeterea per simulationem vulnerum ex castris in oppidum propter timorem sese recipiunt. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO CIVILI, SECVNDVS 35:8)

  (카이사르, 내란기, 2권 35:8)

• eique deliberanti cum proximis, clandestinis colloquiis et nocturnis, qua vi quibusve commentis id fieret, antequam effundendis rebus pertinacius incumberet confidentia, acciri mollioribus scriptis, per simulationem tractatus publici nimis urgentis, eundem placuerat Gallum, ut auxilio destitutus, sine ullo interiret . (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XIV, chapter 11 1:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 11장 1:2)

유의어 사전

1. Imitari means merely the effort to produce something like some other thing, without any accessory moral notion; æmulari (from αἴσιμος) means, at the same time, to do something which shall gain equal or superior consideration, honor, and approbation, when compared with the thing imitated. Imitatio has in view only the thing itself, and is generally moderate and laudable; æmulatio has in view chiefly the person, who is already in possession of the quality worthy of imitation, and always seems more or less a passion, which deserves praise or blame, according as it has its foundation in the lover of honor, or in immoderate ambition. Plin. Ep. vii. 30. Demosthenis orationem habui in manibus, non ut æmularer (improbum enim ac pæne furiosum) at tamen imitarer ac sequerer tantum. Comp. i. 2, 2. viii. 5, 13. Quintil. i. 2, 26. Cic. Tusc. iv. 8, 17. 2. The æmulus is at first behind his opponent, and strives for a time only to come up to him, and be like him; whereas the certator and concertator are already on a par with their opponent, and strive to outdo him, and conquer him. 3. Æmulatio contends for superiority in any art; rivalitas, only for preference in estimation. Cic. Tusc. iv. 26, 56. Illa vitiosa æmulatione, quæ rivalitati similis est, quid habet utilitatis? 4. Imitatio is an effort to become something which a man at present is not, but fain would be, and really can become; whereas simulatio, an effort to pass for something which a man properly and naturally is not, nor ever can be. Imitatio is the means of attaining to an actual or presumptive ideal; whereas simulatio remains for ever a mere counterfeit. (iii. 64.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein