뜻

1. 분쟁, 다툼
2. (법) 소송
3. 모순, 반박

1. a quarrel, dispute, debate
2. (law) lawsuit
3. contradiction

예문

• Et cum fuerit controversia, stabunt ad iudicandum et in iudiciis meis iudicabunt; leges meas et praecepta mea in omnibus sollemnitatibus meis custodient et sabbata mea sanctificabunt. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Prophetia Ezechielis, 44 44:24)

  소송이 일어나면, 판관으로 나서서 내 법규들에 따라 판결을 내려야 한다. 또한 나의 모든 축일에 나의 법과 규정들을 준수하고, 나의 안식일을 거룩히 지내야 한다. (불가타 성경, 에제키엘서, 44장 44:24)

• Itaque ad consilium rem deferunt magnaque inter eos exsistit controversia. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, XXVIII 28:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 28장 28:2)

• si quod est admissum facinus, si caedes facta, si de hereditate, de finibus controversia est, idem decernunt, praemia poenasque constituunt; si qui aut privatus aut populus eorum decreto non stetit, sacrificiis interdicunt. Haec poena apud eos est gravissima. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEXTVS, XIII 13:6)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 6권, 13장 13:6)

• huic rei praevertendum existimavit et, quod legibus Aeduorum eis, qui summum magistra tum obtinerent, excedere ex finibus non liceret, ne quid de iure aut de legibus eorum deminuisse videretur, ipse in Aeduos proficisci statuit senatumque omnem et quos inter controversia esset ad se Decetiam evocavit. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEPTIMVS, XXXIII 33:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 7권, 33장 33:2)

• His erat inter se de principatu contentio, et in illa magistratuum controversia alter pro Convictolitavi, alter pro Coto summis opibus pugnaverant. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEPTIMVS, XXXIX 39:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 7권, 39장 39:2)

유의어 사전

1. Disceptatio, litigatio, and controversia, are dissensions, the settling of which is attempted quietly, and in an orderly way; contentio, altercatio, and jurgium, such as are conducted with passion and vehemence, but which are still confined to words; rixæ (ὀρέκτης) such as, like frays and broils come to blows, or at least threaten to come to blows, and are mid-way between jurgium and pugna. Liv. xxxv. 17. Ex disceptatione altercationem fecerunt. Tac. Hist. i. 64. Jurgia primum, mox rixa inter Batavos et legionarios. Dial. 26. Cassius Severus non pugnat, sed rixatur. 2. Controversia takes place between two parties the moment they place themselves in array on opposite sides; disceptatio, when they commence disputing with each other, in order to arrive at the path of truth, or to discover what is right, but without a hostile feeling; litigatio, when a hostile feeling and a personal interest are at the bottom of the dispute. 3. Contentio would maintain the right against all opponents, and effect its purpose, whatever it may be, by the strenuous exertion of all its faculties; altercatio would not be in debt to its opponent a single word, but have the last word itself; jurgium (from ὀργή) will, without hearkening to another, give vent to its ill-humor by harsh words. Contentio presents the serious image of strenuous exertion; altercatio, the comic image of excessive heat, as in women’s quarrels; jurgium, the hateful image of rude anger. (v. 274.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein