뜻

1. 분쟁, 다툼
2. (법) 소송
3. 모순, 반박

1. a quarrel, dispute, debate
2. (law) lawsuit
3. contradiction

예문

• Tum suo more conclamaverunt, uti aliqui ex nostris ad colloquium prodiret: habere sese, quae de re communi dicere vellent, quibus rebus controversias minui posse sperarent. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, XXVI 26:4)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 26장 26:4)

• Hi perpetuas inter se controversias habebant, quinam anteferretur, omnibusque annis de locis summis simultatibus contendebant. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVINTVS, XLIV 44:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 5권, 44장 44:2)

• Hi certo anni tempore in finibus Carnutum, quae regio totius Galliae media habetur, considunt in loco consecrato. Huc omnes undique, qui controversias habent, conveniunt eorumque decretis iudiciisque parent. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, SEXTVS, XIII 13:10)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 6권, 13장 13:10)

• Paucos dies ipse in provincia moratus, cum celeriter omnes conventus percucurrisset, publicas controversias cognosset, (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, OCTAVVS, XLVII 47:5)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 8권, 47장 47:5)

• Quae res etsi nihil ad levandas iniurias pertinere videbantur, tamen idoneos nactus homines, per quos ea, quae vellet, ad eum perferrentur, petit ab utroque, quoniam Pompei mandata ad se detulerint, ne graventur sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre, si parvo labore magnas controversias tollere atque omnem Italiam metu liberare possint. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO CIVILI, PRIMVS 9:1)

  (카이사르, 내란기, 1권 9:1)

유의어 사전

1. Disceptatio, litigatio, and controversia, are dissensions, the settling of which is attempted quietly, and in an orderly way; contentio, altercatio, and jurgium, such as are conducted with passion and vehemence, but which are still confined to words; rixæ (ὀρέκτης) such as, like frays and broils come to blows, or at least threaten to come to blows, and are mid-way between jurgium and pugna. Liv. xxxv. 17. Ex disceptatione altercationem fecerunt. Tac. Hist. i. 64. Jurgia primum, mox rixa inter Batavos et legionarios. Dial. 26. Cassius Severus non pugnat, sed rixatur. 2. Controversia takes place between two parties the moment they place themselves in array on opposite sides; disceptatio, when they commence disputing with each other, in order to arrive at the path of truth, or to discover what is right, but without a hostile feeling; litigatio, when a hostile feeling and a personal interest are at the bottom of the dispute. 3. Contentio would maintain the right against all opponents, and effect its purpose, whatever it may be, by the strenuous exertion of all its faculties; altercatio would not be in debt to its opponent a single word, but have the last word itself; jurgium (from ὀργή) will, without hearkening to another, give vent to its ill-humor by harsh words. Contentio presents the serious image of strenuous exertion; altercatio, the comic image of excessive heat, as in women’s quarrels; jurgium, the hateful image of rude anger. (v. 274.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein