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기본형: rūpēs, rūpis
vincla omnia rupi et religionis et foederis. (Maurus Servius Honoratus, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, SERVII GRAMMATICI IN VERGILII AENEIDOS LIBRVM DVODECIMVM COMMENTARIVS., commline 30 25:1)
(마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스, , , 25:1)
At si pelle lupi, qui subiacet huic modo rupi, Cauda priuati, medicaminis arte probati, Vndique menbra teges, mox sano corpore deges; (BALDO, NOUUS ESOPUS, XXIV. De uulpe et lupo 25:17)
(, , 25:17)
Victus amore tui, cognato sanguine victus coniugis et maestae lacrumis, vincla omnia rupi: (P. Vergilius Maro, Aeneid, Book 12 2:7)
(푸블리우스 베르길리우스 마로, 아이네아스, Book 12권 2:7)
tua causa rupi ramites, iam dudum sputo sanguinem. (T. Maccius Plautus, Mercator, act 1, scene 2 2:55)
(티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 2:55)
"Videsne insistentem celsissimae illi rupi montis ardui verticem, de quo fontis atri fuscae defluunt undae proxumaeque conceptaculo vallis inclusae Stygias irrigant paludes et rauca Cocyti fluenta nutriunt?" (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 6 1:100)
(아풀레이우스, 변신, 6권 1:100)
1. Saxum, rupes, and cautes, are greater; lapis, calx, and scrupus, smaller masses of stone. Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 22. Silex viridis ubi invenitur, lapis, non saxum est. 2. Saxa (from ψεκάσ, ψήχω) are greater masses of stone, in whatever form, like πέτραι; rupes and petræ (πέτραι, from πεσεῖν) are steep and high, like rocks, and therefore difficult to climb; cautes and scopuli are rough and pointed, like crags, and therefore threaten danger; the cautes are smaller, and also not visible in the water, and therefore deceitful; the scopuli (from κόψαι) jutting upwards, threaten and announce danger, like σκόπελοι. 3. Lapis (ἄλιψ) is the most general expression, and denotes the stone only as a material substance, without regard to its form, like λίθος; calculus, is a smooth, generally round pebble; scrupulus, a rough, generally angular pebble; but for this meaning of scrupulus, the dimin. of scrupus, we have only the authority of grammarians; in authors it has only the figurative meaning of scruple. (v. 191.)
출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein
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