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기본형: rūpēs, rūpis
Imbre montium rigantur et non habentes refugium adhaerent rupibus. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Iob, 24 24:8)
산의 폭우로 흠뻑 젖은 채 피할 데 없어 바위에 매달리네. (불가타 성경, 욥기, 24장 24:8)
Confecit prior iter Caesar atque ex magnis rupibus nactus planitiem in hac contra hostem aciem instruit. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO CIVILI, PRIMVS 70:5)
(카이사르, 내란기, 1권 70:5)
Nam accessus undique rupibus anfractu celsiore discissis, flexuosisque excessibus ob periculum anceps, adeundi copiam denegabat, maxime quoniam turres crebritate et altitudine formidandae, montem saxeum arcis naturaliter editum, aequabant, et proclivis planities flumini imminens, propugnaculorum firmitate muniebatur. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIIII, chapter 4 10:3)
(암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 4장 10:3)
Qua causa declinans perniciem proximam Firmus, licet praesidiorum magnitudine communitus, relicta plebe, quam coegerat magna mercede, quoniam latendi copiam nocturna quies dedit, Caprarienses montes longe remotos penetravit, et diruptis rupibus inaccessos. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIX, chapter 5 34:1)
(암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 5장 34:1)
haerent acutis rupibus fixae rates; (Seneca, Agamemnon 10:67)
(세네카, 아가멤논 10:67)
1. Saxum, rupes, and cautes, are greater; lapis, calx, and scrupus, smaller masses of stone. Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 22. Silex viridis ubi invenitur, lapis, non saxum est. 2. Saxa (from ψεκάσ, ψήχω) are greater masses of stone, in whatever form, like πέτραι; rupes and petræ (πέτραι, from πεσεῖν) are steep and high, like rocks, and therefore difficult to climb; cautes and scopuli are rough and pointed, like crags, and therefore threaten danger; the cautes are smaller, and also not visible in the water, and therefore deceitful; the scopuli (from κόψαι) jutting upwards, threaten and announce danger, like σκόπελοι. 3. Lapis (ἄλιψ) is the most general expression, and denotes the stone only as a material substance, without regard to its form, like λίθος; calculus, is a smooth, generally round pebble; scrupulus, a rough, generally angular pebble; but for this meaning of scrupulus, the dimin. of scrupus, we have only the authority of grammarians; in authors it has only the figurative meaning of scruple. (v. 191.)
출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein
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