뜻

1. 사나운, 잔인한, 포악한, 야생의, 거친

1. savage, fierce, harsh, stern
2. pitiless, grim

예문

• dixerat et torvam faciem furialiaque arma exuit inque habitum sese transformat honestum; (Prudentius, Psychomachia, section 1 2:152)

  (프루덴티우스, , 2:152)

• Allecto torvam faciem et furialia membra exuit, in vultus sese transformat anilis; (P. Vergilius Maro, Aeneid, Book 7 18:4)

  (푸블리우스 베르길리우스 마로, 아이네아스, Book 7권 18:4)

• talem nobis iram figuremus, flamma lumina ardentia, sibilo mugituque et gemitu et stridore et si qua his invisior vox est perstrepentem, tela manu utraque quatientem (neque enim illi se tegere curae est), torvam cruentamque et cicatricosam et verberibus suis lividam, incessus vaesani, offusam multa caligine, incursitantem, vastantem fugantemque et omnium odio laborantem, sui maxime, si aliter nocere non possit, terras, maria, caelum ruere cupientem, infestam pariter invisamque. (Seneca, Liber II ad Novatum: de ira, Liber II 196:2)

  (세네카, 노여움에 대하여, 196:2)

• ceterum ipsius uocis hominis exercendi cassus labor superuacaneo studio plurifariam superatur, si quidem uoce hominis et tuba rudore toruior et lyra concentu uariatior et tibia questu delectabilior et fistula susurru iucundior et bucina significatu longinquior. (Apuleius, Florida 17:12)

  (아풀레이우스, 플로리다 17:12)

• Cumque pertinacius (ut legum gnarus) accusatorem flagitaret atque sollemnia, doctus id Caesar, libertatemque superbiam ratus, tamquam obtrectatorem audacem excarnificari praecepit, qui ita evisceratus ut cruciatibus membra deessent, implorans caelo iustitiam, torvum renidens, fundato pectore mansit immobilis, nec se incusare nec quemquam alium passus, et tandem nec confessus nec confutatus, cum consorte poenali est morte multatus. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XIV, chapter 9 6:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 9장 6:1)

유의어 사전

1. Atrox, trux, and truculentus, (from τρηχύσ, ταράξαι), denote that which has an exterior exciting fear; that which makes an impression of terror on the fancy, and eye, and ear; atrox, indeed, as a property of things, but trux and truculentus as properties of persons; whereas dirus and sævus mean that which is really an object of fear, and threatens danger; dirus, indeed (from δέος), according to its own nature, as a property of things, means dreadful, δεινός; but sævus (from αἶ, heu!) according to the character of the person, as a property of living beings, means blood-thirsty, cruel, αἰνός. Plin. Pan. 53. Atrocissima effigies sævissimi domini. Mela ii. 7. Ionium pelagus . . . atrox, sævum; that is, looking dangerous, and often enough also bringing misfortune. 2. Trux denotes dreadfulness of look, of the voice, and so forth, in the tragic or heroic sense, as a mark of a wild disposition or of a cruel purpose; but truculentus, in the ordinary and comic sense, as a mark of ill-humor or trivial passion; the slave in Plautus is truculentus; the wrathful Achilles is trux. Sometimes, however, truculentior and truculentissimus serve as the comparative and superlative of trux. 3. Trux and truculentus vultus is a terrific, angry look, like τραχύς; torvus, merely a stern, sharp, and wild look, as τορόν, or ταυρηδὸν βλέπειν. Plin. H. N. xi. 54. Contuitu quoque multiformes; truces, torvi, flagrantes. Quintil. vi. 1. 43. (i. 40.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein