뜻

1. 사나운, 잔인한, 포악한, 야생의, 거친

1. savage, fierce, harsh, stern
2. pitiless, grim

예문

• Sed ut generaliter corpora describamus, et mores, graciles paene sunt omnes, subnigri vel livido colore pallentes, caprinis oculis torvi, et superciliis in semiorbium speciem curvatis iunctisque, non indecoribus barbis, capillisque promissis hirsuti, omnes tamen vel inter epulas festosque dies gladiis cincti cernuntur. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIII, chapter 6 75:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 6장 75:2)

• Haec implacabilitas causae quidem piissimae, sed victoriae foedioris, innocentes tortoribus exposuit multos, vel sub eculeo locavit incurvos, aut ictu carnificis torvi substravit: (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXVI, chapter 10 13:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 10장 13:1)

• Intres ampla licet torvi lepus ora leonis, Esse tamen vacuo se leo dente putat. (Martial, Epigrammata, book 1, LX 61:1)

  (마르티알리스, 에피그램집, 1권, 61:1)

• Vertit ad hanc torvi dea bellica luminis orbem et tanto penitus traxit suspiria motu, ut pariter pectus positamque in pectore forti aegida concuteret. (P. Ovidius Naso, Metamorphoses, Book 2 62:1)

  (푸블리우스 오비디우스 나소, 변신 이야기, Book 2권 62:1)

• motu vero intenti, remissi, superbi, torvi, mites, asperi fiunt, quae, ut actus poposcerit, fingentur. (Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Liber XI 222:3)

  (퀸틸리아누스, 변론 가정 교육, 222:3)

유의어 사전

1. Atrox, trux, and truculentus, (from τρηχύσ, ταράξαι), denote that which has an exterior exciting fear; that which makes an impression of terror on the fancy, and eye, and ear; atrox, indeed, as a property of things, but trux and truculentus as properties of persons; whereas dirus and sævus mean that which is really an object of fear, and threatens danger; dirus, indeed (from δέος), according to its own nature, as a property of things, means dreadful, δεινός; but sævus (from αἶ, heu!) according to the character of the person, as a property of living beings, means blood-thirsty, cruel, αἰνός. Plin. Pan. 53. Atrocissima effigies sævissimi domini. Mela ii. 7. Ionium pelagus . . . atrox, sævum; that is, looking dangerous, and often enough also bringing misfortune. 2. Trux denotes dreadfulness of look, of the voice, and so forth, in the tragic or heroic sense, as a mark of a wild disposition or of a cruel purpose; but truculentus, in the ordinary and comic sense, as a mark of ill-humor or trivial passion; the slave in Plautus is truculentus; the wrathful Achilles is trux. Sometimes, however, truculentior and truculentissimus serve as the comparative and superlative of trux. 3. Trux and truculentus vultus is a terrific, angry look, like τραχύς; torvus, merely a stern, sharp, and wild look, as τορόν, or ταυρηδὸν βλέπειν. Plin. H. N. xi. 54. Contuitu quoque multiformes; truces, torvi, flagrantes. Quintil. vi. 1. 43. (i. 40.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein