뜻

1. 병, 질병, 질환, 전염병, 역병
2. 유해물, 해충
3. 파괴, 파멸, 죽음

1. a disease, plague
2. a pest
3. destruction, ruin, death

예문

• eas omnes pestes mentibus exegit, familias purgauit, malitiam perdomuit, seminudus et ipse et claua insignis, etiam Thebis oriundus, unde Herculem fuisse memoria extat - igitur, priusquam plane Crates factus, inter proceres Thebanos numeratus est, lectum genus, frequens famulitium, domus amplo ornata uestibulo, ipse bene uestitus, bene praediatus. (Apuleius, Florida 22:4)

  (아풀레이우스, 플로리다 22:4)

• "Sed iam pestes illae taeterrimaeque furiae anhelantes vipereum virus et festinantes impii celeritate navigabant." (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 5 5:97)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 5권 5:97)

• Inter Aegyptias alites, quarum varietas nullo comprehendi numero potest, ibis sacra est et amabilis, et innocua ideo, quod nidulis suis ad cibum suggerens ova serpentum, efficit ut rarescant mortiferae pestes absumptae. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXII: Julianus, chapter 15 25:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 15장 25:1)

• quid cum Ausonium dirae pestes voce canora mare mulcerent. (Seneca, Medea 6:15)

  (세네카, 메데아 6:15)

• Haemonius illas contulit pestes Athos, has Pindus ingens, illa Pangaei iugis teneram cruenta falce deposuit comam; (Seneca, Medea 11:18)

  (세네카, 메데아 11:18)

유의어 사전

1. Lues (from λοιμός) denotes epidemic disease, as proceeding from an impure morbid matter; contagium (from contingere? or κατατήκειν?) as contagious; pestilentia, as a disease reigning in the land, and especially as a pestilence. Sall. Cat. 10. Post ubi contagia quasi pestilentia invasit. Plin. H. N. xxiii. 28. Laurus folia pestilentiæ contagia prohibent. Lucan. vi. 86. Fluidæ contagia pestis. 2. Pestis is used for pestilence itself only by the poets; otherwise it denotes, like exitium and pernicies (from necare), that which destroys in general, without reference to disease; but pestis is, according to rule, used as a concrete, exitium and pernicies as abstract terms. Sen. N. Q. iii. pr. Philippi aut Alexandri . . . . qui exitio gentium clari non minores fuere pestes mortalium quam inundatio. 3. Pernicies has an active meaning, and denotes the destruction of a living being by murder; whereas exitium has a passive meaning, and denotes the destruction even of lifeless objects by annihilation; lastly, interitus has, like exitus, a neutral meaning, the destruction of living or lifeless objects by decay. Tac. Ann. xiv. 65. Poppæa non nisi in perniciem uxoris nupta; postremo crimen omni exitio gravius: and ii. 68. Cic. Cat. iv. 3. Cum de pernicie populi Romani, exitio hujus urbis cogitarit. Rull. ii. 4, 10. Extremi exitiorum exitus. 4. Exitium is a violent, exitus a natural end. Cic. Rull. ii. 4, 10. Qui civitatum afflictarum perditis jam rebus extremi exitiorum solent esse exitus, is, as it were, the last breath of a state that is being destroyed; like Verr. v. 6, 12 Exitus exitiales. (ii. 62. iii. 176.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein