뜻

1. 병, 질병, 질환, 전염병, 역병
2. 유해물, 해충
3. 파괴, 파멸, 죽음

1. a disease, plague
2. a pest
3. destruction, ruin, death

예문

• quod in omnibus morbis ac pestibus fieri debere censemus. (Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, Res Rustica, book 7, chapter 5 19:4)

  (콜루멜라, 루키우스 유니우스 모데라투스, 농업론, 7권, 5장 19:4)

• "His igitur quasi quibusdam pestibus exterminatis veniamus ad eos, qui plures in commune habitant, id est, quos vocari coenobium diximus." (Jerome, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., An Eustochium 25:76)

  (히에로니무스, 편지들, 25:76)

• Cur Libycus tantis exundet pestibus aer Fertilis in mortes, aut quid secreta nocenti Miscuerit natura solo, non cura laborque Noster scire valet: (M. Annaeus Lucanus, Pharsalia, book 9 7:1)

  (마르쿠스 안나이우스 루카누스, 파르살리아, 9권 7:1)

• hoc pulchrum quod terra parit, quod gloria confert lubrica, commendat quod perniciosa voluptas, quod velut excitus difflato pulvere ventus praeterit, exemplo tenuis quod transvolat umbrae, his aegras animas morborum pestibus urget praedo potens, tacitis quem viribus interfusum corda bibunt hominum; (Prudentius, Hamartigenia, section 1 2:102)

  (프루덴티우스, , 2:102)

• talia vociferans rapidum calcaribus urget cornipedem laxisque volat temeraria frenis, hostem humilem cupiens inpulsu umbonis equini sternere deiectamque supercalcare ruinam, sed cadit in foveam praeceps, quam callida forte Fraus interciso subfoderat aequore furtim, Fraus detestandis vitiorum e pestibus una, fallendi versuta opifex, quae praescia belli planitiem scrobibus vitiaverat insidiosis hostili de parte latens, ut fossa ruentes exciperet cuneos atque agmina mersa voraret; (Prudentius, Psychomachia, section 1 2:66)

  (프루덴티우스, , 2:66)

유의어 사전

1. Lues (from λοιμός) denotes epidemic disease, as proceeding from an impure morbid matter; contagium (from contingere? or κατατήκειν?) as contagious; pestilentia, as a disease reigning in the land, and especially as a pestilence. Sall. Cat. 10. Post ubi contagia quasi pestilentia invasit. Plin. H. N. xxiii. 28. Laurus folia pestilentiæ contagia prohibent. Lucan. vi. 86. Fluidæ contagia pestis. 2. Pestis is used for pestilence itself only by the poets; otherwise it denotes, like exitium and pernicies (from necare), that which destroys in general, without reference to disease; but pestis is, according to rule, used as a concrete, exitium and pernicies as abstract terms. Sen. N. Q. iii. pr. Philippi aut Alexandri . . . . qui exitio gentium clari non minores fuere pestes mortalium quam inundatio. 3. Pernicies has an active meaning, and denotes the destruction of a living being by murder; whereas exitium has a passive meaning, and denotes the destruction even of lifeless objects by annihilation; lastly, interitus has, like exitus, a neutral meaning, the destruction of living or lifeless objects by decay. Tac. Ann. xiv. 65. Poppæa non nisi in perniciem uxoris nupta; postremo crimen omni exitio gravius: and ii. 68. Cic. Cat. iv. 3. Cum de pernicie populi Romani, exitio hujus urbis cogitarit. Rull. ii. 4, 10. Extremi exitiorum exitus. 4. Exitium is a violent, exitus a natural end. Cic. Rull. ii. 4, 10. Qui civitatum afflictarum perditis jam rebus extremi exitiorum solent esse exitus, is, as it were, the last breath of a state that is being destroyed; like Verr. v. 6, 12 Exitus exitiales. (ii. 62. iii. 176.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein