뜻

1. 무서운, 무시무시한, 소름이 끼치는
2. 불온한, 험악한, 심상치 않은
3. 지독한, 불쾌한, 증오할, 몹시 싫은

1. fearful
2. ominous
3. (of character) dreadful, detestable

예문

• generationis enim iniquae dirae sunt consummationes. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Sapientiae, 3 3:19)

  불의한 족속의 끝은 이처럼 비참하다. (불가타 성경, 지혜서, 3장 3:19)

• "Prohinc tormentis veritas eruenda, nam et qui comitabatur cum puer clanculo profugit, et res ad hoc deducta est, ut per quaestionem sceleris sui participes indicet, ut tam dirae factionis funditus formido perematur." (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 3 7:9)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 3권 7:9)

• Hac rerum varietate, quam iam digessimus, ita conclusa, Martius iuvenis, Rheno post Argentoratensem pugnam otiose fluente, securus, sollicitusque idem ne dirae volucres consumerent corpora peremptorum, sine discretione cunctos humari mandavit, absolutisque legatis, quos ante certamen superba quaedam portasse praediximus, ad Tres Tabernas revertit. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XVII, chapter 1 1:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 1장 1:1)

• Sed vigilarunt ultimae dirae caesorum. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXVIII, chapter 1 57:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 1장 57:1)

• Namque caesorum ultimae dirae, perpetuum numen ratione querellarum iustissima commoventes, Bellonae accenderant faces, ut fides oraculi firmaretur, quod nihil impune praedixerat perpetrari. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XXIX, chapter 2 20:2)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 2장 20:2)

유의어 사전

1. Atrox, trux, and truculentus, (from τρηχύσ, ταράξαι), denote that which has an exterior exciting fear; that which makes an impression of terror on the fancy, and eye, and ear; atrox, indeed, as a property of things, but trux and truculentus as properties of persons; whereas dirus and sævus mean that which is really an object of fear, and threatens danger; dirus, indeed (from δέος), according to its own nature, as a property of things, means dreadful, δεινός; but sævus (from αἶ, heu!) according to the character of the person, as a property of living beings, means blood-thirsty, cruel, αἰνός. Plin. Pan. 53. Atrocissima effigies sævissimi domini. Mela ii. 7. Ionium pelagus . . . atrox, sævum; that is, looking dangerous, and often enough also bringing misfortune. 2. Trux denotes dreadfulness of look, of the voice, and so forth, in the tragic or heroic sense, as a mark of a wild disposition or of a cruel purpose; but truculentus, in the ordinary and comic sense, as a mark of ill-humor or trivial passion; the slave in Plautus is truculentus; the wrathful Achilles is trux. Sometimes, however, truculentior and truculentissimus serve as the comparative and superlative of trux. 3. Trux and truculentus vultus is a terrific, angry look, like τραχύς; torvus, merely a stern, sharp, and wild look, as τορόν, or ταυρηδὸν βλέπειν. Plin. H. N. xi. 54. Contuitu quoque multiformes; truces, torvi, flagrantes. Quintil. vi. 1. 43. (i. 40.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein