뜻

1. 무서운, 무시무시한, 소름이 끼치는
2. 불온한, 험악한, 심상치 않은
3. 지독한, 불쾌한, 증오할, 몹시 싫은

1. fearful
2. ominous
3. (of character) dreadful, detestable

예문

• Sed qui universa conspicit, Dominus, Deus Israel, percussit eum insanabili et invisibili plaga; et continuo ut is finivit sermonem, apprehendit eum dolor dirus viscerum et amara internorum tormenta, (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber II Maccabaeorum, 9 9:5)

  (불가타 성경, 마카베오기 하권, 9장 9:5)

• Per hoc minui studium suum existimans Paulus, ut erat in complicandis negotiis artifex dirus, unde ei Catenae indutum est cognomentum, vicarium ipsum eos quibus praeerat adhuc , ad sortem periculorum communium traxit. (Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri qui supersunt, Liber XIV, chapter 5 8:1)

  (암미아누스 마르켈리누스, 사건 연대기, , 5장 8:1)

• non esse poenam, mittor ut dirus vapor (Seneca, Thyestes 90:1)

  (세네카, 90:1)

• sic dirus Atreus capita devota impiae speculatur irae: (Seneca, Thyestes 727:1)

  (세네카, 727:1)

• sit ratio, sit natura, sit dirus furor: (Seneca, Phaedra 8:3)

  (세네카, 파이드라 8:3)

유의어 사전

1. Atrox, trux, and truculentus, (from τρηχύσ, ταράξαι), denote that which has an exterior exciting fear; that which makes an impression of terror on the fancy, and eye, and ear; atrox, indeed, as a property of things, but trux and truculentus as properties of persons; whereas dirus and sævus mean that which is really an object of fear, and threatens danger; dirus, indeed (from δέος), according to its own nature, as a property of things, means dreadful, δεινός; but sævus (from αἶ, heu!) according to the character of the person, as a property of living beings, means blood-thirsty, cruel, αἰνός. Plin. Pan. 53. Atrocissima effigies sævissimi domini. Mela ii. 7. Ionium pelagus . . . atrox, sævum; that is, looking dangerous, and often enough also bringing misfortune. 2. Trux denotes dreadfulness of look, of the voice, and so forth, in the tragic or heroic sense, as a mark of a wild disposition or of a cruel purpose; but truculentus, in the ordinary and comic sense, as a mark of ill-humor or trivial passion; the slave in Plautus is truculentus; the wrathful Achilles is trux. Sometimes, however, truculentior and truculentissimus serve as the comparative and superlative of trux. 3. Trux and truculentus vultus is a terrific, angry look, like τραχύς; torvus, merely a stern, sharp, and wild look, as τορόν, or ταυρηδὸν βλέπειν. Plin. H. N. xi. 54. Contuitu quoque multiformes; truces, torvi, flagrantes. Quintil. vi. 1. 43. (i. 40.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein