뜻

1. 오르다, 넘다, 올라가다
2. 건너가다, 미끄러지듯이 나아가다, 활주하다
3. 넘다, 초월하다, 초과하다
4. 풍부하다, 넘치다, 범람하다
5. 이기다, 압도하다, 정복하다, 획득하다
6. 머무르다, 체재하다, 잔류하다, 살아남다

1. I surmount, rise over, go over, ascend.
2. I sail by, pass.
3. I surpass, exceed, outdo.
4. I am abundant, overflow.
5. I overcome, overpower, conquer, subdue.
6. I remain; I am left; I survive.

예문

• His rebus gestis cum omnibus de causis Caesar pacatam Galliam existimaret, [superatis Belgis, expulsis Germanis, victis in Alpibus Sedunis,] atque ita inita hieme in Illyricum profectus esset, quod eas quoque nationes adire et regiones cognoseere volebat, subitum bellum in Gallia coortum est. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, TERTIVS, VII 7:1)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 3권, 7장 7:1)

• eos domum remittit et cum iis una Commium, quem ipse Atrebatibus superatis regem ibi constituerat, cuius et virtutem et consilium probabat et quem sibi fidelem esse arbitrabatur cuiusque auctoritas in his regionibus magni habebatur, mittit. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVARTVS, XXI 21:7)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 4권, 21장 21:7)

• optimum factu esse duxerunt rebellione facta frumento commeatuque nostros prohibere et rem in hiemem producere, quod his superatis aut reditu interclusis neminem postea belli inferendi causa in Britanniam transiturum confidebant. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, QVARTVS, XXX 30:2)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 4권, 30장 30:2)

• Namque nostri contemptis pridie superatis hostibus, cum subsequi legiones meminissent, et pudore cedendi et cupiditate per se conficiendi proeli fortissime contra pedites proeliantur, (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO GALLICO, OCTAVVS, XXIX 29:4)

  (카이사르, 갈리아 전기, 8권, 29장 29:4)

• Si proelium committeretur, propinquitas castrorum celerem superatis ex fuga receptum dabat. (CAESAR, COMMENTARIORVM DE BELLO CIVILI, PRIMVS 82:10)

  (카이사르, 내란기, 1권 82:10)

유의어 사전

1. Vincere (εἴκειν? or ἀγκὰσ ἀναγκάζειν?) means, to drive an adversary from his place, like νικᾶν; superare to win a place from an adversary, like ὑπερβάλλεσθαι. The vincens has more to do with living objects, with enemies; the superans with inanimate objects, with difficulties. Tac. Ann. i. 25. Invictos et nullis casibus superabiles Romanos. 2. Evincere denotes especially the exertion and duration of the conflict; devincere, its consequence, and the completeness of the victory. 3. Vincere means to conquer by fighting; opprimere, without fighting, by merely appearing, in consequence of a surprisal, or of a decided superiority of forces. Cic. Mil. 11. Vi victa vis, vel potius oppressa virtute audacia est: and to the same purport, Muren. 15. Mithridatem L. Murena repressum magna ex parte, non oppressum reliquit. (iv. 278.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein