뜻

1. 파괴, 파멸, 폐허

1. destruction, ruin
2. beginner, novice

예문

• ereptos mihi restitue manes, impius frustra invoco mortem relictam - crudus et leti artifex, exitia machinatus insolita effera, nunc tibimet ipse iusta supplicia irroga. (Seneca, Phaedra 17:11)

  (세네카, 파이드라 17:11)

• nihil hunc amicitia Seiani, sed labefecit haud minus validum ad exitia Macronis odium, qui easdem artes occultius exercebat detuleratque argumentum tragoediae a Scauro scriptae, additis versibus qui in Tiberium flecterentur: (Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, book 6, chapter 29 29:7)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 연대기, 6권, 29장 29:7)

• sors superest, date fallaci pudibunda senectae exitia indecoresque obitus. (C. Valerius Catullus, Argonautica, C. Valeri Flacci Argonauticon Liber Primus. 851:1)

  (가이우스 발레리우스 카툴루스, 아르고나우티카, 851:1)

• iam mutua divi exitia in solos hominum molimur honores, (C. Valerius Catullus, Argonautica, C. Valeri Flacci Argonauticon Liber Quintus. 658:2)

  (가이우스 발레리우스 카툴루스, 아르고나우티카, 658:2)

• Deficiet dies enumerantem ingratos usque in ultima patriae exitia. (Seneca, De Beneficiis, Liber V 99:1)

  (세네카, 행복론, 99:1)

유의어 사전

1. Lues (from λοιμός) denotes epidemic disease, as proceeding from an impure morbid matter; contagium (from contingere? or κατατήκειν?) as contagious; pestilentia, as a disease reigning in the land, and especially as a pestilence. Sall. Cat. 10. Post ubi contagia quasi pestilentia invasit. Plin. H. N. xxiii. 28. Laurus folia pestilentiæ contagia prohibent. Lucan. vi. 86. Fluidæ contagia pestis. 2. Pestis is used for pestilence itself only by the poets; otherwise it denotes, like exitium and pernicies (from necare), that which destroys in general, without reference to disease; but pestis is, according to rule, used as a concrete, exitium and pernicies as abstract terms. Sen. N. Q. iii. pr. Philippi aut Alexandri . . . . qui exitio gentium clari non minores fuere pestes mortalium quam inundatio. 3. Pernicies has an active meaning, and denotes the destruction of a living being by murder; whereas exitium has a passive meaning, and denotes the destruction even of lifeless objects by annihilation; lastly, interitus has, like exitus, a neutral meaning, the destruction of living or lifeless objects by decay. Tac. Ann. xiv. 65. Poppæa non nisi in perniciem uxoris nupta; postremo crimen omni exitio gravius: and ii. 68. Cic. Cat. iv. 3. Cum de pernicie populi Romani, exitio hujus urbis cogitarit. Rull. ii. 4, 10. Extremi exitiorum exitus. 4. Exitium is a violent, exitus a natural end. Cic. Rull. ii. 4, 10. Qui civitatum afflictarum perditis jam rebus extremi exitiorum solent esse exitus, is, as it were, the last breath of a state that is being destroyed; like Verr. v. 6, 12 Exitus exitiales. (ii. 62. iii. 176.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein