뜻

1. 두려움, 무서움
2. 경외, 공경

1. fear, dread
2. (poetic) awe, reverence

예문

• omnes tenentes gladios et ad bella doctissimi, uniuscuiusque ensis super femur suum propter timores nocturnos. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Canticum Canticorum, 3 3:8)

  모두가 칼로 무장한 역전의 전사들 밤의 공포에 대비하여 저마다 허리에 칼을 차고 있네. (불가타 성경, 아가, 3장 3:8)

• Illi enim, qui promittebant timores et perturbationes expellere se ab anima languente, hi cum ridiculo timore languebant. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Sapientiae, 17 17:8)

  병든 영혼에게서 공포와 불안을 몰아내 주겠다고 약속하던 자들 자신이 우스꽝스러운 공포에 시달려야 했습니다. (불가타 성경, 지혜서, 17장 17:8)

• Tunc continuo visus somniorum terribilium turbaverunt illos, et timores supervenerunt insperati, (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Sapientiae, 18 18:17)

  그러자 곧바로 무서운 꿈속에서 환상들이 나타나 저들을 혼란에 빠뜨리고 예기치 않던 공포가 저들을 덮쳤습니다. (불가타 성경, 지혜서, 18장 18:17)

• cogitationes eorum et timores cordis, adinventio exspectationis, dies finitionis. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Ecclesiasticus, 40 40:2)

  그들의 고민과 마음의 두려움 다가올 일에 대한 걱정, 그것은 바로 죽음의 날이다. (불가타 성경, 집회서, 40장 40:2)

• Inter spem curamque, timores inter et irasomnem crede diem tibi diluxisse supremum; (EPISTVLARVM LIBER PRIMVS, IV 4:6)

  (호라티우스의 첫번째 편지, 04 4:6)

유의어 사전

1. Vereri (ὁρᾶν?) like αἰδεῖσθαι, has its foundation in what is strikingly venerable; metuere and timere, like δεῖσαι; and φοβεῖσθαι, in the threatening danger of an object. The timens and metuens fear the danger; the verens, the disgrace and shame. Cic. Phil. xii. 12. Quid? veteranos non veremur? nam timeri ne ipsi quidem volunt. Sen. 11, 37. Metuebant eum servi, verebantur liberi, carum omnes habebant. Liv. xxxix. 37. Veremur quidem vos Romani et si ita vultis etiam timemus. Afran. ap. Gell. xv. 13. Ubi malunt metui, quam vereri se ab suis. Senec. Ir. iii. 32. Quibusdam timeamus irasci, quibusdam vereamur. 2. Metus (ματᾶν) is fear, only as the anticipation of an impending evil, and reflection upon it, the apprehension that proceeds from foresight and prudence, like δέος, synonymously with cautio; whereas timor (from τρέμω), the fear that proceeds from cowardice and weakness. Or, metus is an intellectual notion; fear, as from reflection, in opp. to spes; for instances, see Cic. Verr. ii. 54. Off. ii. 6. Liv. xxx. 9. Suet. Aug. 25. Tac. H. i. 18. Ann. ii. 12, 38. Sen. Ep. 5. Suet. Aug. 5. Cels. ii. 6. Curt. viii. 6:—whereas timor is a moral notion, fear as a feeling, in opp. to fiducia, animus. Cic. Divin. ii. 31. Att. v. 20. Rull. i. 8. Sallust. Jug. ii. 3. Tac. Hist. ii. 80. Plin. Ep. v. 17. 3. In the like manner are spes, hope, and fiducia, confidence, distinguished. Sen. Ep. 16. Jam de te spem habeo, nondum fiduciam. Tac. Agr. 2. Nec spem modo ac votum securitas publica, sed ipsius voti fiduciam ac robur assumpserit. Suet. Cl. 10. Aliquanto minore spe quam fiducia. Liv. x. 25. Curt. ix. 4, 25. 4. Timor denotes fear, as a temporary state; timiditas, fearfulness, as an habitual quality, which is connected with ignavia, as a more precise expression for the more general feeling. Lactant. iii. 17. Epicurus . . . ignavum prohibet accedere ad rem publicam, pigrum exercere, timidum militare. Ignavia is inaptitude for any noble action, and particularly for deeds of valor; timiditas is, under certain circumstances, excusable; ignavia is absolutely blamable. 5. Metus and timor have their foundation in reflection, whereby a person is made clearly aware of the object and ground of his apprehension; whereas horror and formido is an immediate feeling, which overpowers the understanding by the dreadful image of the nearness of some horrid object, and can give no account of the ground of its fear; formido (fremere) expresses this state immediately as a state of mind, like ὀῤῥωδία; whereas horror (χέρσος) as the bodily expression of this state, by the hair standing on end, the eyes wildly staring, etc., like φρίκη. Tac. H. iv. 45. Metus per omnes ac præcipua Germanici militis formido. (ii. 190.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein