뜻

1. 슬픔, 비통, 비애, 애도
2. 애가, 비탄

1. grief, sorrow, mourning
2. lamentation

예문

• "Boni ergo et optimi consules, si luctui legitimo miserrimae feminae necessarium concesseris tempus, quoad residuis mensibus spatium reliquum compleatur anni, quae res cum meum pudorem, tum etiam tuum salutare commodum respicit, ne forte immaturitate nuptiarum indignatione iusta manes acerbos mariti ad exitium salutis tuae suscitemus." (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 8 1:65)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 8권 1:65)

• Ea cum se diutino plangore cruciasset, concursu familiarium cohibita tandem pausam luctui fecit: (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 9 28:3)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 9권 28:3)

• tristitia autem vicina luctui est, qui procreatur ex morte: (Maurus Servius Honoratus, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, SERVII GRAMMATICI IN VERGILII AENEIDOS LIBRVM SEXTVM COMMENTARIVS., commline 295 238:5)

  (마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스, , , 238:5)

• non quidem responsura luctui, sed tamen sollemnia: (Maurus Servius Honoratus, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, SERVII GRAMMATICI IN VERGILII AENEIDOS LIBRVM UNDECIMVM COMMENTARIVS., commline 63 41:4)

  (마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스, , , 41:4)

• Oderat ergo Esau Iacob pro benedictione, qua benedixerat ei pater, dixitque in corde suo: " Appropinquabunt dies luctus patris mei, et occidam Iacob fratrem meum ". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Genesis, 27 27:41)

  에사우는 아버지가 야곱에게 해 준 축복 때문에 야곱에게 앙심을 품었다. 그래서 에사우는 ‘아버지의 죽음을 애도하게 될 날도 멀지 않았으니, 그때에 아우 야곱을 죽여 버려야지.’ 하고 마음속으로 생각하였다. (불가타 성경, 창세기, 27장 27:41)

유의어 사전

1. Dolor (from θλᾶν, ἄθλιος?) denotes an inward feeling of grief, opp. to gaudium, Cic. Phil. xiii. 20. Suet. Cæs. 22, like ἄλγος; whereas tristitia, mœror, luctus, denote an utterance or external manifestation of this inward feeling. Tristitia and mœstitia are the natural and involuntary manifestation of it in the gestures of the body and in the countenance; luctus (ἀλυκτός), its artificial manifestation, designedly, and through the conventional signs of mourning, as cutting off the hair, mourning clothes, etc., at an appointed time, like πένθος. Mœror also serves for a heightened expression of dolor, and luctus of mœror and tristitia, as far as the manifestation is added to distinguish the feeling from it. Cic. Att. xii. 28. Mærorem minui; dolorem nec potui, nec si possem vellem. Phil. xi. 1. Magno in dolore sum, vel in mœrore potius, quem ex miserabili morte C. Trebonii accepimus. Plin. Ep. v. 9. Illud non triste solum, verum etiam luctuosum, quod Julius avitus decessit. Tac. Agr. 43. Finis vitæ ejus nobis luctuosus, amicis tristis; for relations only put on mourning. Tac. Ann. ii. 82. Quanquam nec insignibus lugentium abstinebant, altius animis mœrebant. Cic. Sext. 29, 39. Luctum nos hausimus majorem dolorem ille animi non minorem. 2. Tristitia (from ταρακτός?) denotes the expression of grief in a bad sense, as gloom, fretfulness, and ill-humor, opp. to hilaratus, Cic. Att. xii. 40. Fin. v. 30. Cæcil. ap. Gell. xv. 9. Quintil. xi. 3, 67, 72, 79, 151; whereas mœstitia (from μύρω) denotes grief, as deserving of commiseration, as affliction, when a most just grief gives a tone of sadness, in opp. to lætus, Sall. Cat. f. Tac. Ann. i. 28. Tristitia is more an affair of reflection; mœstitia, of feeling. The tristis, like the truculentus, is known by his forbidding look, his wrinkled forehead, the contraction of his eyebrows; the mœstus, like the afflictus, by his lack-lustre eyes and dejected look. Tac. Hist. i. 82. Rarus per vias populus mœsta plebs; dejecti in terram militum vultus, ac plus tristitæ quam pœnitentiæ. Cic. Mur. 24, 49. Tristem ipsum, mœstos amicos: and Orat. 22, 74. (iii. 234.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein