뜻

1. 슬픔, 비통, 비애, 애도
2. 애가, 비탄

1. grief, sorrow, mourning
2. lamentation

예문

• Et versa est victoria in die illa in luctum omni populo; audivit enim populus in die illa dici: " Dolet rex super filio suo ". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber II Samuelis, 19 19:3)

  그리하여 모든 군사에게 그날의 승리는 슬픔으로 변하였다. 그날 임금이 아들을 두고 마음 아파한다는 소식을 군사들이 들었기 때문이다. (불가타 성경, 사무엘기 하권, 19장 19:3)

• (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Esther, 4 4:17)

  (불가타 성경, 에스테르기, 4장 4:17)

• (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Esther, 4 4:17)

  (불가타 성경, 에스테르기, 4장 4:17)

• Versa est in luctum cithara mea, et organum meum in vocem flentium. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Iob, 30 30:31)

  내 비파는 애도의 소리가 되고 내 피리는 곡하는 이들의 소리가 되었네. (불가타 성경, 욥기, 30장 30:31)

• et fac luctum secundum meritum eius, uno die vel duobus propter detractionem, et consolare propter tristitiam. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Ecclesiasticus, 38 38:18)

  슬픔이 지나치면 죽음으로 이어질 수 있고 마음의 슬픔은 기운을 떨어뜨린다. (불가타 성경, 집회서, 38장 38:18)

유의어 사전

1. Dolor (from θλᾶν, ἄθλιος?) denotes an inward feeling of grief, opp. to gaudium, Cic. Phil. xiii. 20. Suet. Cæs. 22, like ἄλγος; whereas tristitia, mœror, luctus, denote an utterance or external manifestation of this inward feeling. Tristitia and mœstitia are the natural and involuntary manifestation of it in the gestures of the body and in the countenance; luctus (ἀλυκτός), its artificial manifestation, designedly, and through the conventional signs of mourning, as cutting off the hair, mourning clothes, etc., at an appointed time, like πένθος. Mœror also serves for a heightened expression of dolor, and luctus of mœror and tristitia, as far as the manifestation is added to distinguish the feeling from it. Cic. Att. xii. 28. Mærorem minui; dolorem nec potui, nec si possem vellem. Phil. xi. 1. Magno in dolore sum, vel in mœrore potius, quem ex miserabili morte C. Trebonii accepimus. Plin. Ep. v. 9. Illud non triste solum, verum etiam luctuosum, quod Julius avitus decessit. Tac. Agr. 43. Finis vitæ ejus nobis luctuosus, amicis tristis; for relations only put on mourning. Tac. Ann. ii. 82. Quanquam nec insignibus lugentium abstinebant, altius animis mœrebant. Cic. Sext. 29, 39. Luctum nos hausimus majorem dolorem ille animi non minorem. 2. Tristitia (from ταρακτός?) denotes the expression of grief in a bad sense, as gloom, fretfulness, and ill-humor, opp. to hilaratus, Cic. Att. xii. 40. Fin. v. 30. Cæcil. ap. Gell. xv. 9. Quintil. xi. 3, 67, 72, 79, 151; whereas mœstitia (from μύρω) denotes grief, as deserving of commiseration, as affliction, when a most just grief gives a tone of sadness, in opp. to lætus, Sall. Cat. f. Tac. Ann. i. 28. Tristitia is more an affair of reflection; mœstitia, of feeling. The tristis, like the truculentus, is known by his forbidding look, his wrinkled forehead, the contraction of his eyebrows; the mœstus, like the afflictus, by his lack-lustre eyes and dejected look. Tac. Hist. i. 82. Rarus per vias populus mœsta plebs; dejecti in terram militum vultus, ac plus tristitæ quam pœnitentiæ. Cic. Mur. 24, 49. Tristem ipsum, mœstos amicos: and Orat. 22, 74. (iii. 234.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein