뜻

1. 해로운, 유해한, 상하게 하는, 파괴적인, 불공평한
2. 유죄의, 죄를 범한, 과실이 있는, 불명예스러운, 죄를 범하고 있는

1. Hurtful, harmful, injurious, noxious.
2. Guilty, culpable, criminal. delinquent.

예문

• "illa vesanae libidinis et invidiae noxiae stimulis agitata, e re concinnato mendacio fallens maritum, quasi de morti parentum aliquid comperisset, statim navem ascendi!" (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 5 5:212)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 5권 5:212)

• Illicoque repentina pueri pernicie paedagogus commotus ululabili clamore matrem totamque ciet familiam, iamque cognito casu noxiae potionis varie quisque praesentium auctores insimulabant extremi facinoris. (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 10 5:2)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 10권 5:2)

• noxiae supra, caput (Seneca, Thyestes 1038:1)

  (세네카, 1038:1)

• Maxime autem curabimus ut et haec aviaria et cetera, de quibus mox dicturi sumus, intrinsecus et extrinsecus poliantur opere tectorio, ne ad aves feles habeant aut coluber accessum, et aeque noxiae prohibeantur pestes. (Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, Res Rustica, book 8, chapter 3 6:3)

  (콜루멜라, 루키우스 유니우스 모데라투스, 농업론, 8권, 3장 6:3)

• palam compositus pudor, intus summa apiscendi libido, eiusque causa modo largitio et luxus, saepius in- dustria ac vigilantia, haud minus noxiae quotiens parando regno finguntur. (Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, LIBER IV, chapter 1 1:8)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 연대기, , 1장 1:8)

유의어 사전

1. Culpa (κολάψαι) denotes guilt as the state of one who has to answer for an injury, peccatum, delictum, maleficium, scelus, flagitium, or nefas; hence a responsibility, and, consequently, a rational being is supposed, in opp. to casus, Cic. Att. xi. 9. Vell. P. ii. 118, or to necessitas, Suet. Cl. 15; whereas noxia, as the state of one who has caused an injury, and can therefore be applied to any that is capable of producing an effect, in opp. to innocentia. Liv. iii. 42, 2. Illa modo in ducibus culpa, quod ut odio essent civibus fecerant; alia omnis penes milites noxia erat. Cic. Marc. 13. Etsi aliqua culpa tenemur erroris humani, a scelere certe liberati sumus; and Ovid, Trist. iv. 1, 23. Et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, coll. 4, 37; hence culpa is used as a general expression for every kind of fault, and especially for a fault of the lighter sort, as delictum. 2. Culpa and noxia suppose an injurious action; but vitium (from αὐάτη, ἄτη) merely an action or quality deserving censure, and also an undeserved natural defect. 3. Nocens, innocens, denote guilt, or absence of guilt, in a specified case, with regard to a single action; but noxius, innoxius, together with the poetical words nocuus, innocuus, relate to the nature and character in general. Plaut. Capt. iii. 5, 7. Decet innocentem servum atque innoxium confidentem esse; that is, a servant who knows himself guiltless of some particular action, and who, in general, does nothing wrong. 4. Noxius denotes a guilty person only physically, as the author and cause of an injury, like βλαβερός; but sons (ὀνοτός) morally and juridically, as one condemned, or worthy of condemnation, like θῶος. (ii. 152.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein