뜻

1. 해로운, 유해한, 상하게 하는, 파괴적인, 불공평한
2. 유죄의, 죄를 범한, 과실이 있는, 불명예스러운, 죄를 범하고 있는

1. Hurtful, harmful, injurious, noxious.
2. Guilty, culpable, criminal. delinquent.

예문

• iudicans iudicia iniusta, innocentes opprimens et dimittens noxios, dicente Domino: "Innocentem et iustum non interficies". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Prophetia Danielis, 13 13:53)

  주님께서 ‘죄 없는 이와 의로운 이를 죽여서는 안 된다.’고 말씀하셨는데도, 당신은 죄 없는 이들에게 유죄 판결을 내리고 죄 있는 자들을 놓아 주어 불의한 재판을 하였소. (불가타 성경, 다니엘서, 13장 13:53)

• Accipe breviter quae commissa sint, et noxios ab innocentibus ipse discerne. (Augustine, Saint, Epistulae. Selections., 24. (A. D. 408 Epist. XCI) Domino Eximio Meritoque Honorabili Fratri Nectar Io Augustinus 8:1)

  (아우구스티누스, 편지들, 8:1)

• "Nec ille tam clarus tamque splendidus publicae voluptatis apparatus invidiae noxios effugit oculos:" (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 4 9:40)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 4권 9:40)

• "Propter unicum caliculum, quem deum mater sorori suae deae Syriae hospitale munus obtulit, noxios religionis antistites ad discrimen vocari capitis!" (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 9 10:6)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 9권 10:6)

• "Nec dies nec quies ulla ac ne momentum quidem tenue tuis transcurrit beneficiis otiosum, quin mari terraque protegas homines et depulsis vitae procellis salutarem porrigas dexteram, qua fatorum etiam inextricabiliter contorta retractas licia, et Fortunae tempestates mitigas, et stellarum noxios meatus cohibes." (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 11 25:2)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 11권 25:2)

유의어 사전

1. Culpa (κολάψαι) denotes guilt as the state of one who has to answer for an injury, peccatum, delictum, maleficium, scelus, flagitium, or nefas; hence a responsibility, and, consequently, a rational being is supposed, in opp. to casus, Cic. Att. xi. 9. Vell. P. ii. 118, or to necessitas, Suet. Cl. 15; whereas noxia, as the state of one who has caused an injury, and can therefore be applied to any that is capable of producing an effect, in opp. to innocentia. Liv. iii. 42, 2. Illa modo in ducibus culpa, quod ut odio essent civibus fecerant; alia omnis penes milites noxia erat. Cic. Marc. 13. Etsi aliqua culpa tenemur erroris humani, a scelere certe liberati sumus; and Ovid, Trist. iv. 1, 23. Et culpam in facto, non scelus esse meo, coll. 4, 37; hence culpa is used as a general expression for every kind of fault, and especially for a fault of the lighter sort, as delictum. 2. Culpa and noxia suppose an injurious action; but vitium (from αὐάτη, ἄτη) merely an action or quality deserving censure, and also an undeserved natural defect. 3. Nocens, innocens, denote guilt, or absence of guilt, in a specified case, with regard to a single action; but noxius, innoxius, together with the poetical words nocuus, innocuus, relate to the nature and character in general. Plaut. Capt. iii. 5, 7. Decet innocentem servum atque innoxium confidentem esse; that is, a servant who knows himself guiltless of some particular action, and who, in general, does nothing wrong. 4. Noxius denotes a guilty person only physically, as the author and cause of an injury, like βλαβερός; but sons (ὀνοτός) morally and juridically, as one condemned, or worthy of condemnation, like θῶος. (ii. 152.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein