뜻

1. 부끄러움, 욕, 치욕
2. 모욕, 욕, 악담

1. disgrace, shame
2. abuse, insult

예문

• si cum alieno viro probri quid fecit, condemnatur. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Decimus, XXIII 5:4)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 5:4)

• Sed enim ego homines cum considerabam, alterum fidei, alterum probri plenum spurcissimaeque vitae ac defamatissimae, nequaquam adduci potui ad absolvendum. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, A. Gellii Noctium Atticarum Liber Quartus Decimus, II 11:1)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 11:1)

• ac primum in vestibulo effigiem patris Silii consulto senatus abolitam demonstrat, tum quidquid avitum Neronibus et Drusis in pretium probri cessisse. (Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, LIBER XI, chapter 35 35:4)

  (코르넬리우스 타키투스, 연대기, , 35장 35:4)

• diremit nuptias praetorii uiri, qui digressam a marito post biduum statim duxerat, quamuis sine probri suspicione. (C. Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum, Divus Iulius, chapter 43 1:3)

  (가이우스 수에토니우스 트란퀼루스, 황제전, , 43장 1:3)

• Vrebant insuper anxiam mentem uaria undique conuicia, nullo non damnatorum omne probri genus coram uel per libellos in orchestra positos ingerente. (C. Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum, Tiberius, chapter 66 1:1)

  (가이우스 수에토니우스 트란퀼루스, 황제전, , 66장 1:1)

유의어 사전

1. Ignominia deprives one of political honor, which is independent of the reports circulated concerning a man, and is the consequence of an official denunciation, the justice of which is supposed; that of the censor, for example, like ἀτιμία; whereas infamia deprives one of moral honor, of one’s good name, has a reference to public scorn, and is the consequence of shameless and dishonorable conduct, like δυσφημία. 2. Ignominia and infamia are abstract, and denote subjective states; dedecus and probrum are concrete, and denote, objectively, disgrace itself; dedecus is a deviation from the conduct that becomes a man of honor, from whom noble actions are expected; probrum is a stain on the morality of a man, from whom, at least, irreproachable conduct is expected. Dedecus is incurred generally in our public relations, by abjectness of spirit, etc.; probrum, in our private relations, by licentiousness, etc. 3. Probrum (from προφέρω is reproach, as far as it can justly be made; opprobrium, reproach, as far as it actually is made. In probrum the disgrace itself is more considered; in opprobrium, the open proclamation of it.

Maledictum is any utterance of what is injurious to another, whether to bring him ill-luck by cursing, or disgrace by verbal injuries, like κακηγορία; probrum (from προφέρω) an invective, like ὄνειδος, consisting of attacks and assertions wounding the honor of another; convicium (καταικία) the abusive word, like λοιδορία, consisting of single words and appellations wounding the honor of another. For example, fur! is a convicium, fur es, a probrum; each of them a maledictum. (iv. 198.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein