뜻

1. 부끄러움, 욕, 치욕
2. 모욕, 욕, 악담

1. disgrace, shame
2. abuse, insult

예문

• Erilis noster filius apud vos Strabax ut pereat, ut eum inliciatis in malam fraudem et probrum. (T. Maccius Plautus, Truculentus, act 2, scene 2 2:81)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 2:81)

• lucri causa avara probrum sum exsecuta, alienos dolores mihi supposivi; (T. Maccius Plautus, Truculentus, act 2, scene 5 5:8)

  (티투스 마키우스 플라우투스, , , 5:8)

• probrum tyranno rebus in summis reor) (Seneca, Thyestes 182:1)

  (세네카, 182:1)

• Atque haec quidem in his quibus dixi libris pervulgata sunt, sed Marcus Cato non solum existimatas, set et multatas quoque a iudice mulieres refert, non minus si vinum in se, quam si probrum et adulterium admisissent. (Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights, Liber Decimus, XXIII 3:2)

  (아울루스 겔리우스, 아테네의 밤, , 3:2)

• Abest pavoris crimen ac probrum procul, virtusque nostra nescit ignavos metus: (Seneca, Oedipus 2:5)

  (세네카, 오이디푸스 2:5)

유의어 사전

1. Ignominia deprives one of political honor, which is independent of the reports circulated concerning a man, and is the consequence of an official denunciation, the justice of which is supposed; that of the censor, for example, like ἀτιμία; whereas infamia deprives one of moral honor, of one’s good name, has a reference to public scorn, and is the consequence of shameless and dishonorable conduct, like δυσφημία. 2. Ignominia and infamia are abstract, and denote subjective states; dedecus and probrum are concrete, and denote, objectively, disgrace itself; dedecus is a deviation from the conduct that becomes a man of honor, from whom noble actions are expected; probrum is a stain on the morality of a man, from whom, at least, irreproachable conduct is expected. Dedecus is incurred generally in our public relations, by abjectness of spirit, etc.; probrum, in our private relations, by licentiousness, etc. 3. Probrum (from προφέρω is reproach, as far as it can justly be made; opprobrium, reproach, as far as it actually is made. In probrum the disgrace itself is more considered; in opprobrium, the open proclamation of it.

Maledictum is any utterance of what is injurious to another, whether to bring him ill-luck by cursing, or disgrace by verbal injuries, like κακηγορία; probrum (from προφέρω) an invective, like ὄνειδος, consisting of attacks and assertions wounding the honor of another; convicium (καταικία) the abusive word, like λοιδορία, consisting of single words and appellations wounding the honor of another. For example, fur! is a convicium, fur es, a probrum; each of them a maledictum. (iv. 198.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein