뜻

1. 실패하다, 실망시키다, 낙담시키다
2. 결점이 있다
3. 저버리다, 포기하다, 버리다

1. I fail, disappoint or let down
2. I have shortcomings
3. I forsake, desert or abandon

예문

• Sed ea causa nihilo magis defecimus. (P. Terentius Afer, Phormio, act 3, scene 1 1:13)

  (푸블리우스 테렌티우스 아페르, 포르미오, , 1:13)

• Quare defecimus ? (Seneca, Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales, book 15, letter 98 14:1)

  (세네카, , , 14:1)

• solis ferme occasu patrem Calavium ex convivio egressum secutus filius, ubi in secretum - hortus erat posticis aedium partibus - pervenerunt, consilium inquit adfero, pater, quo non veniam solum peccati, quod defecimus ad Hannibalem, impetraturi ab Romanis, sed in multo maiore dignitate et gratia simus Campani quam umquam fuimus futuri. (Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, Liber XXIII 93:1)

  (티투스 리비우스, 로마 건국사, 93:1)

• Quia defecimus in ira tu et in furore tuo turbati sumus. (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Psalmorum, 90 90:7)

  정녕 저희는 당신의 진노로 스러져 가고 당신의 분노로 소스라칩니다. (불가타 성경, 시편, 90장 90:7)

• Nos autem si qua in re vel male credidimus, vel obdormivimus et minus attendimus, vel defecimus in via et inquisitionem abrupimus, nihilominus iis modis res nudas et apertas exhibemus, ut errores nostri, antequam scientiae massam altius inficiant, notari et separari possint; (FRANCIS BACON, NOVUM ORGANUM, Praefatio 7:14)

  (, , 7:14)

유의어 사전

1. absum은 지역적 관계에서의 부재, 특정 장소에서 멀리 떨어져있음을 나타냄; 반면 desum은 존재의 불완전함으로써의 부재를 나타내고, '실패', '부족' 등의 뉘앙스를 지님(sum, supersum의 반댓말).

Cic. Brut. 80. Calidio hoc unum, si nihil utilitatis habebat, abfuit, si opus erat, defuit.

Cic. Verr. i. 11. Vererer ne oratio deesset, ne vox viresque deficerent. (v. 339.)

Turbæ and tumultus denote the civil broils of public life; turbæ (τύρβη) interruptions of public order; tumultus (from tumere) of the public peace; whereas seditio and secessio are political commotions, in consequence of decided, evident differences of opinion, and of conflicting principles; seditio (from se and ire) when concord is first disturbed, and the parties as yet contend with words only; secessio, when the prospect of reconciliation is already given up, and the parties either stand opposite each other, ready to come to blows, or, at least, have broken off all connection with each other. 2. The seditiosi and secedentes are citizens and members of a free community, and only suspend public concord; whereas the deficientes and desciscentes break a compact, because, either as subjected states they rebel, or as allies fall off; deficere, as the most general expression, represents the falling off, in a moral point of view, as a treacherous, fickle, cowardly desertion; desciscere (from scindere) in a political point of view, as an alteration in the constitution and political system. (v. 363.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein